The Mechanism Of Education On Intergenerational Income Mobilty

Reform and opening up is a new chapter in China's economic development since the founding of the People's Republic of China,and it is nearly 42 years ago.Most of the generation at the beginning of the reform has ended or nearly ended their working lives,and their next generations have participated in a new round of economic production activities under the achievements created by their parents.GDP per capita of China has exceeded the $ 10000 in 2019,and the people's sense of happiness,satisfaction,and access have also been improved.But at the same time,due to the imperfection of market economic system reform,especially the income and distribution system,China's Gini coefficient once exceeded 0.4,an internationally recognized warning line.Income fairness and equal opportunities have become a real problem restricting the high-quality development of China's economy.In the modern world,the words "rich second generation","fight father",and "poor second generation" have frequently appeared in the public's field of vision,and public discussions and various researches have also increased day by day,showing people's emphasis on intergenerational inheritance.In this context,to deeply study the problems in China's income distribution,not only to study the results of income inequality,but also the transmission mechanism of its influencing factors is an important research aspect.Intergenerational income mobility is one of the most important indicators to measure whether the income process is fair.Moreover,the Intergenerational income elasticity is the most common indicator to measure the Intergenerational income mobility,which can better explain the problems of income equity and equal opportunities in society.A large number of studies have shown that education has an obvious role in promoting Intergenerational income mobility,and education,as the most common human capital,can become an important tool for the rise of low-income groups.As Chinese economic development is currently in transition,the wealth and connections accumulated by the previous generation can have a profound impact on the next generation.On the one hand,the rapid development of technology has made those with lower education levels only able to engage in low-skilled and low-income jobs,and a higherlevel of education can enable their next generation to seize opportunities with higher skills to go to work,and then their income level and social status will be raised.On the other hand,wealthier families can also provide better education investment for future generations so that they can maintain their original income level and social status or have further improvement.The above fully explained the feasibility and necessity of studying education on inter-generational floating income theoretically.Therefore,among the many factors that affect Intergenerational income fluidity,the author chooses education as an entry point to study Intergenerational income fluidity to study its role in intergenerational transmission.And from the aspect of mechanism and mechanism,we discussed the different effects of parents on sons and daughters,and explained how education has an impact on Intergenerational income mobility.Then we compared and analyzed the impact of the sexes,urban and rural areas and different income quintile groups exist.The growth of Intergenerational income mobility will influence the chinese economic positively,providing a direction for further deepening reform of nominal economic development and promoting the gradual economic development towards a healthy and sustainable direction.This article explains the background and significance of studying Intergenerational income mobility,and then focuses on education to discuss its impact on Chinese Intergenerational income mobility.The author has studied and combed the research on the measurement of Intergenerational income mobility,as well as the problems encountered in the measurement process and corresponding solutions,which provide a strong theoretical support for the measurement of Intergenerational income mobility in this paper.In addition,it also combs the relevant theories and empirical studies on the influence of education on Intergenerational income mobility both at home and abroad in terms of family education investment and public education investment.The author relies on the three-year household micro-tracking survey data of the CFPS database in 2010,2012 and 2014 to analyze the current status of Intergenerational income mobility in China,and then draws on Intergenerational delivery model(Becker & Tomes,1979)and status acquisition model(Blau & Duncan,1967),using path analysis techniques,with education as an intermediary variable,separates the total impact into the direct impact of parent's income on the income of the child and the parent's income from the child by investing in education Indirect impact.The results of the study show that education can significantly promote the Intergenerational income mobility of the entire society,and because of the conservative thinking of most people,there is a certain gender differences andarea differences in the role of this promotion.The results of the study show that education can significantly promote the Intergenerational income mobility of the entire society,and because of the conservative thinking of most people,there is a certain gender difference in the role of this promotion.In terms of gender differences,the impact of female education on Intergenerational income mobility is greater than that of men.In terms of urban-rural differences,the impact of parent education investment on the future income of rural children is greater than that of urban areas.This also shows that for rural children,education may be the most effective way for them to cross the higher strata.Subsequent quantile analysis showed that the role of education in promoting Intergenerational income mobility is the most obvious among middle-income groups,which is also relatively consistent with reality.This shows that the middle-income class wants to enable their children to enter the upper class or not to retire to the next class through education.Finally,there are some measures should be taken above the research.The government should increase investment in all levels of education.The improvement of the average national education level in China has led to a reduction in the gap in education levels among the people,which in turn enables people to engage in more advanced labor to narrow the income gap.For the existing differences,we must accurately find the difference areas and the objects with excessive differences,strengthen the rich areas to help the poor areas,education resources from the developed areas to the undeveloped areas have a higher level of tilt,and encourage people to go relatively remote and backward The region is engaged in education to improve the general cultural level and quality level of the people.At the same time,improve the social security system,increase wages,and protect the rights and interests of the people from market injustice.Accelerate the rural masses to get rid of a series of backward old ideas such as useless learning,and improve the education level of the backward population.