Research On The Problems And Optimization Strategies Of Novice Teachers' Speech Act In Senior High Political Class

Classroom speech act is the carrier for teachers to convey information to students in class.It is also the mediator for teaching activities.Compared with expert teachers,novice teachers lack much teaching experience.There are some problems in their classroom speech act.At present,the research on classroom speech act of high school political teachers is rare especially for novice teachers.This article consists of five parts.Part one is the introduction of the article.It expounds the research origin,research significance,theoretical basis and methods.On the basis of relevant theories,the main methods of the research are classroom observation,quantitative and qualitative analysis.The research ideas are as follows:observe and record speech sound,convert it to text,develop classroom observation scales,record data,compare the characteristics between novice and expert teachers,point out the problems of novice teachers,present the optimization strategies.Part two defines the basic concepts such as the classroom speech acts,novice teachers and expert teachers.Then it introduces the main theoretical basis of the research and study design.The study subjects are.three political expert teachers and three novice teachers from a senior high school in Wuhan.The paper takes event sampling method to collect data of the frequency and duration of each teacher's speech acts in the six classes.Part three divides speech acts into four categories:explanation,questioning,feedback,and organization words referring to the classification of other scholars and actual situation in class.Then sub-categories are established under each item to get more specific classroom observation objective.According to the categories,senior high school political teachers' classroom speech act observation scale is formulated.Based on the scale,the classroom speech acts of the two types of teachers are recorded quantitatively.Compare the characteristics of the two types of teachers from the perspective of the overall and four items with analysis and case description.Part four points out the problems of novice teachers.The results showed that novice teachers' explanation words lack conciseness,thoroughness and ideological contents;their questioning words are not carefully considered.There are too many questions in their classes and most of the questions are too simple to make student think deeply;they pay little attention to the feedback words so it is not targeted and guiding enough.Based on the results,part five presents some suggestions.Before the class,the teacher should made elaborate preparations for speech acts in class from the aspects of persuading through cultivating students by virtue,reasoning,giving more examples close to life and inspiring doubt by questioning.In class,teachers should express concisely,promote the development of students by evaluation and heighten emotional expressions when teaching.After class,teachers should be eager to reflect and practice to improve their ability.