Research On The Characteristics Of Special Physical Training Of High-level 400m Athletes In Colleges And Universities Of Hunan Province

400m running is a kind of speed endurance sports which is dominated by physical ability.Its special physical training level has a great influence on the performance of 400 m athletes.Based on the theory of sports training,using the methods of literature,interview,questionnaire and mathematical statistics,this study takes the high-level 400 m athletes in Colleges and universities of Hunan Province as the research object,and makes a comprehensive investigation,analysis and evaluation of the structural characteristics,training status and shortcomings of their special physical training,and then puts forward the targeted optimization strategies to improve Hunan Province Provincial high-level 400 m athletes special physical training level.(1)This paper investigates the current situation of special physical structure and training of high-level 400 m athletes in Colleges and universities of Hunan Province.(1)Special body shape: there is no significant inter school difference in the morphological indexes of athletes,such as the ketole index.The ketole index of men is significantly higher than that of women,but compared with the excellent athletes at home and abroad,the muscle development of men and women still needs to be improved;(2)special physiological function: there is no significant inter school difference in the indexes of athletes,and there is no significant difference in vital capacity / weight,quiet heart rate,blood pressure and other indexes There are significant gender differences,but there is still a significant gap between the vital capacity / body massindex of male athletes and domestic elite athletes,while the difference between female athletes is relatively small;(3)in terms of sports quality,the overall performance of male and female athletes of 400 m Race in 985/ 211 university is better,especially male athletes,in standing long jump,standing triple jump,300 m and 400 m scores are significantly better than other universities However,there is still a significant gap between the overall level and the domestic excellent players,and the overall situation is that women are higher than men.(2)The problems in the special physical training of high-level 400 m athletes in Colleges and universities in Hunan Province are found,which mainly include: the lack of training for core strength and reaction strength in the special strength quality;the lack of training for reaction speed in the special speed quality;the neglect of aerobic endurance training in the special endurance quality;the lack of training for hip flexibility and upper limb flexibility in the special flexibility quality On the whole,the training of coordination sensitivity is ignored.(3)In view of the current situation and problems,this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of the special physical training of high-level 400 m athletes in Colleges and universities in Hunan Province from five aspects: the special strength level,the special speed level,the special endurance level,the special flexibility level and the sensitive coordination level.