Research On The Effect Of Preschool Education Experience On The Development Of Students' Non-cognitive Abilities

In recent years,non-cognitive abilities have attracted more and more attention with the development of new human capital theory.A large number of studies have shown that non-cognitive abilities are of great significance to individual income,education and so on.The education community has also paid attention to the cultivation of students' non-cognitive abilities."The Core literacy for Chinese student development" states that core literacy refers to "essential qualities and key abilities that students should possess to be able to meet the needs of lifelong development and social development." Among these characters and abilities,non-cognitive abilities have become a new topic of education because of these value to students' lifelong development.Researchers represented by Heckman have carried out a series of researches on the cultivation of Chinese students 'non-cognitive abilities and promoted the research process of Chinese students' non-cognitive abilities.Some early education projects by other countries,such as the Perry Preschool Project in the United States and the Effective Preschool Education Project in the United Kingdom,have confirmed the effectiveness of the preschool education project and its continuing effects on children's development.However,in China,the study on the long-term benefits of preschool education is still in its infancy,only a few studies have focused on the impact of preschool education on students' later academic performance,self-efficacy,and emotional stability.What's more,these studies are basically based on national-level data,such as the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS)and the Chinese Family Panel Survey(CFPS),and there are few related studies targeting the less developed regions in the west of China.The value of preschool education in these areas and the impact on students' non-cognitive abilities have yet to be verified.Based on this,the purpose of this study is to explore the impactof preschool education experience in the China western region on the development of non-cognitive abilities of middle school students.Based on the existing research,this study defines preschool education experience as whether to accept kindergarten education or not.Non-cognitive abilities are a collection of multiple abilities,and four indicators of self-efficacy,learning input,intrinsic motivation,and sociality are selected for reflection.Relying on the "Compulsory Education Stage Student Quality Monitoring Project" in a China western city in 2017,this study uses descriptive analysis,ordinary least squares regression(OLS),propensity score matching(PSM),interactive regression and other analysis methods to analyze 4065 students in this city.The research results show that: the probability of students attending preschool education is still low,and there are large differences between groups;positive preschool education experience still has a positive impact on the development of students' non-cognitive abilities in middle school;The impact of preschool education experience on the development of students' non-cognitive abilities is heterogeneous,and preschool education has a greater positive impact on urban students and students whose parents are highly educated.Through empirical research and related materials,suggestions are put forward to promote the development of students' non-cognitive abilities from the perspective of preschool education: grasp the critical period of children's non-cognitive abilities development,and pay attention to preschool education investment;develop inclusive preschool education to ensure access to education for vulnerable groups;promote preschool education reform in rural areas to ensure the quality of preschool education in rural areas;guide parents to participate and form synergy with schools.Non-cognitive abilities have an important and relatively stable impact on individuals.This study focuses on students in the west of China,and analyzes the impact of preschool education on the development of non-cognitive abilities of students,as well as the mix impact of preschool education and urban/rural types,the parental educational level.It enriches the existing research on the benefits of preschool education and non-cognitive abilities cultivating methods,and provides a reference for further exploring the benefits of preschool education.