Research On Coordination Allocation Of China's Manufacturing Capital And Labor And Its Influencing Factors

The report of the 19 th National Congress pointed out that to build a modern economic system,we must focus the economy development on the real economy,manufacturing is the pillar industry of the real economy,with the “Made in China 2025” and “13th Five-Year Plan” clearly stated in the “Realization and Improvement of Manufacturing Industry”,China's manufacturing industry has received more and more attention.This paper combs relevant literature on manufacturing capital and labor allocation and finds that there is not much literature on the coordinated allocation of capital and labor and the use of spatial measurement methods.Therefore,this paper takes the optimal capital labor allocation ratio as the measurement standard,and analyzes and compares the actual allocation ratio of manufacturing capital to labor and the optimal allocation ratio of national and sub-regions in 1998-2016,pointing out that China's manufacturing capital and labor allocation are unreasonable from the direction and degree.And the results show that the actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio of the national manufacturing industry are consistent in 1998-2010.The actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio appear deviation in 2011-2016.In terms of regions,the actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio in each region are consistent in 1998-2005.The actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio deviates from 2006 to 2016.The gap between the actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio has an increasing trend in the eastern and central regions.The gap between the actual capital labor allocation ratio and the optimal capital labor allocation ratio in the western and northeastern regions has not changed much.The mechanism analysis shows human capital,technological innovation,service level,marketization degree,policy factors and opening up can affect the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor.The ordinary panel data model and the spatial panel data model are used to analyze the influence of various factors on the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor in China.The empirical test results show that: human capital has a strong spatial dependence on the role of manufacturing capital and labor coordination,human capital has a positive effect on the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor in the region,and has a negative effect on the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor in neighboring regions,technological innovation,service level,marketization degree and policy factors have significantly promoted the national manufacturing capital and labor allocation.The opening up is not obvious for China's manufacturing capital and labor coordination.From the perspective of various regions,service level,policy factors and marketization level in the eastern region have a more obvious effect on the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor.The central region's technological innovation,service level and policy factors have obvious effects on the coordination of manufacturing capital and labor.The human capital,technological innovation,service level and policy factors in the western region have a significant effect on the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor.The role of technological innovation and service level in Northeast China is more obvious.Finally,the countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the coordinated allocation of manufacturing capital and labor in China are proposed from the national level and sub-regional level.