A Study On The Characteristics Of The Heart Rate Variability Of Shanghai Adolescent Athletes At Rest

Objective:To explore the differences in heart rate variability(HRV)of young athletes in different age ranges,different event groups and different sports levels at rest,and provide a certain reference value for HRV to evaluate the body's adaptation to exercise stress and natural growth and development.Methods:In this study,from April to June 2019,565 juvenile athletes from 16 sports schools in Shanghai were evaluated for their autonomic nerve function.According to the event group training theory,they were divided into fighting confrontation(taekwondo,karate,Sanda,boxing,Wrestling,judo),ball games(basketball,rugby,football)and physical endurance(boat racing,kayaking,sailing,windsurfing,long distance swimming,long distance running,field cycling)Prepubertal(10-12 years old,pre group),mid-term(13-15 years old,mid group)and late(16-18 years old,post group).The test time is a 5-minute resting HRV test for athletes of each event before Monday morning exercises.HRV test indicators include time-domain indicators(SDNN,RMSSD,PNN50)and frequency-domain indicators(HF,LF,TP,LF / HF,HFn.u.,LFn.u.).SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to process and analyze the experimental data.Univariate analysis of variance was used to compare different ages and different project groups.Independent sample T test was used to compare and analyze athletes with and without sports grade.P <0.05 was significant difference.Result:(1)Comparison of adolescent HRV in different age ranges in the same groupIn the fighting project,all HRV indicators showed that the pre group was significantly lower than the other two groups(P <0.01),and the mid group was significantly lower than the post group(P <0.05);In ball games,HRV indicators showed that the pre group was significantly lower than the mid group(P <0.05)and the post group(P <0.01),and the mid group was significantly lower than the post group(P <0.05);In endurance events,all HRV indicators showed that the pre group was significantly lower than the mid group(P <0.05)and the post group(P <0.01),and the mid group was significantly lower than the post group(P <0.05).(2)Comparison of HRV among adolescents of different age groups in the same age rangeIn the early adolescence,the men's endurance items SDNN,RMSD,PNN50 and HF,TP are higher than the other two items,and the women's fighting items SDNN,RMSD,PNN50 and HF,LF,LFn.u.,TP are higher than the other two items.;In the middle of adolescence,men's fighting events HFn.u.are significantly higher than ball games(P <0.05),LFn.u.are significantly lower than ball games(P <0.05),SDNN,RMSD,HF,TP are higher than The other two items.The women's martial arts TP is significantly higher than the other two items(P <0.05),and SDNN,RMSD,PNN50,HF,HFn.u.,LF are also higher than the other two items;In the later years of youth,the TP of men's fighting events is significantly higher than the other two events(P <0.05),and SDNN,RMSD,PNN50 and HF,HFn.u.,LF are also higher than the other two events.Women's martial arts projects SDNN,RMSD,PNN50,LF,TP are higher than the other two events.(3)Comparison of HRV among adolescents with or without sports grade in the same groupIn the men's fighting class,the group SDNN,RMSD,PNN50,HF,and TP are higher than those without the sports group,and HR,LF,LF / HF are lower than those without the group.Women's SDNN,HF,HFn.u.,LF,TP,and LF / HF are lower than the ungraded group,and RMSSD,PNN50,LFn.u.are higher than the women's unranked group;For ball games,men with grade group SDNN,RMSD,PNN50,HF,TP are higher than those without grade group,HR,LF,LF / HF are lower than those without grade group;13-15 year old women have sports grade HRV There is no difference,LFn.u.,LF / HF in the graded group of 16-18 years old are higher than those in the gradeless group,SDNN,RMSD,PNN50,HF,TP are significantly lower than those in the gradeless group(P <0.01),and LF is significantly lower than in the gradeless group Grade group(P <0.05);The HRV parameters of the endurance group of men aged 10-12 and 16-18 years were higher than those of no-rank groups,and there was no difference in HRV between the two groups of 13-15 years with and without exercise levels;RMSSD,HF,LF,LFn.u.,TP,LF / HF are higher than the non-graded group,and 13-15 years old have a grade group SDNN,RMSSD,PNN50,HF,LF,TP are significantly lower than the non-graded group(P <0.01),HFn.u.is higher than the unranked group.Conclusion:(1)Adolescent autonomic nerve function in fighting,ball and endurance events increases with age;(2)In the early adolescence,men's endurance and women's fighting events have strong autonomic nerve function.In the middle of adolescence,the men and women fighting project has strong autonomic nerve function.In late adolescence,men's ball and women's fighting events have strong autonomic nerves;(3)Adolescents with grade 13-18 in men,16-18 in ball games,and 10-12 in men and women with endurance have strong autonomic nerve function.In women's ball 13-13 years old and endurance 13-15 years old,the adolescents in the ungraded group had stronger autonomic nerve function.