Kinematics Research On Vault Landing Of Chinese Male Elite Athletes

Introduction: In order to pursue higher performances,athletes continue to challenge more difficult movements and land in the vaulting project.Play a vital role,directly determines the performance of the game,and athletes are often more likely to be injured in the landing stage,and mainly concentrated in the lower limbs.Therefore,this study aims to explore the kinematics of the vaulting during the landing stage and the potential influencing factors that may cause injury to the athletes.Provide data support and theoretical reference for vault training.Methods: The subjects were some of the athletes in the men's vaulting singles finals in the 2018 National Gymnastics Championships and a National Games in 2017.At the competition,two Japanese-made "CASIO EX-F1" high-speed cameras were used for shooting at a frequency of 250 Hz.The PEAK three-dimensional frame was used for calibration,and the captured image was analyzed using the three-dimensional motion analysis software "Simi Motion".The data obtained after analysis was smoothed by low-pass filtering,the truncation frequency was 8 Hz,and the data was exported;the data was summarized by Excel 2007;the Original 8.1 chart was drawn;and the SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:1.Two athletes complete two actions with high frequency and different types of difficulty coefficients the former's landing buffer time,center of gravity Height changes and changes in lower limb joint angles are significantly higher than the latter.The athletes are affected by the first vacant need to turn,the latter's center of gravity is slightly higher than the former,but the net height of the center of gravity is basically the same.2.When the same athlete completes the action with a difficulty factor of 5.6,the landing buffer time,the height of the center of gravity,the maximum height of the center of gravity,and the hip and knee angle The changes in several kinematic indicators were greater than the action with a completion difficulty factor of 5.2.3.It can be found that at the moment of landing,the angles of the left and right sides of the joints of the lower limbs are not much different..Comparing the changes in the height of the center of gravity of the two groups,it can be found that the maximum height of the center of gravity of the "pre-turned group",the height of the center of gravity and the minimum height of the center of gravity are greater than the "side-turning group".The common feature in the two groups of data is the mean value of the change in the angle of the joints of the two groups,"Knee joint angle change > Hip joint angle change > Ankle joint angle change".Conclusion: When athletes complete different movements of the same type,the higher the difficulty coefficient of the movements,the higher the maximum altitude of flight,so that the lower limb joints have more time and space for landing buffer.;When athletes complete the landing motion of "rollover" type,the lower limb joints are generally more stretched and fully cushioned than "forehand" type.In the lower limb joints,the knee joint bears the greatest cushioning effect,so the protection of the knee joint should be strengthened;High-level athletes have a strong ability to control the body.