Research On The Influence Of Human Capital On Artificial Intelligence Employment Substitution Effect

With the rapid development of big data technology and the extensive application of deep learning model,artificial intelligence(AI)has entered the stage of rapid development and become a new driving force of production development in the era of intelligence.The development direction of artificial intelligence shows strong anthropomorphism,which not only brings convenience and efficiency,but also enhances its competitiveness with human intelligence,which may have an impact on labor employment.This study follows the research idea of "clear employment impact-change human capital to adapt to the era of intelligence",and elaborates the impact of human capital on the employment substitution effect of artificial intelligence.Firstly,according to the impact of historical technological change on labor employment and the iterative change of labor employment types,this study analyzes the creation potential and substitution pressure of AI on labor employment theoretically,and then uses panel data to analyze the impact of AI on labor employment empirically.On the basis of defining the impact results,using the micro data and fixed effect model of China's dynamic labor force survey,this paper analyzes whether human capital can alleviate the employment substitution pressure of artificial intelligence,so as to obtain the path of transformation of human capital of labor force in the era of intelligence.It is found that,firstly,artificial intelligence has both creation effect and substitution effect on labor employment,among which the creation effect mainly creates new jobs from the labor demand of the development of artificial intelligence technology itself and the labor demand of the upstream and downstream of its application industry;the substitution effect considers that labor is replaced from the perspective of output efficiency and comparative advantage with human intelligence risk.Secondly,the development of artificial intelligence is conducive to improving the overall level of labor employment,but the mismatch between labor human capital and the development of artificial intelligence should also be concerned.Thirdily,the labor force with higher human capital is less likely to be replaced by artificial intelligence,especially the labor force with higher education human capital,such as formal education or skill training.Because higher human capital can highlight the superiority of human intelligence,the labor force with higher human capital is better than artificial intelligence in innovation,association and contingency,and more engaged in irregular intelligent labor.In order to reduce the employment pressure faced by the labor force in the era of intelligence,this study puts forward the following suggestions: firstly,We should correctly understand AI and guide it to develop in the direction of instrumentality;secondly,we should improve the employment security system and realize the smooth transition of the labor market in the intelligent era;thirdly,we should give full play to the comparative advantage of human intelligence and realize the transformation of human capital in the intelligent era.