The Influence Of Artificial Intelligence On Chinese Labor Force Employment Structure And Its Empirical Study

China’s labor market has problems such as declining demographic dividend,aggravating aging trend and deepening employment structural contradictions,and the rapid development of artificial intelligence may exacerbate or alleviate these problems.The particularity of the development of artificial intelligence promotes economic and social development,brings technological innovation,and creates new jobs.At the same time,it has the risk of replacing labor force and reducing employment.As a kind of technological innovation,its development is bound to have an impact on the employment of labor force.Timely attention to the degree and direction of its impact on the overall employment and the employment in different regions can help to make rational expectations and reasonable judgments,and then adjust their own coping strategies,so as to promote the smooth and smooth transformation of China’s labor market.On the basis of summarizing relevant foreign and domestic literatures,this paper defines the inner meaning of artificial intelligence,and uses the theoretical model of task-based heterogeneous skill labor demand response to technology to discuss the impact of artificial intelligence on the domestic employment structure from the theoretical level.Then,based on the panel data of provincial level in China from2008 to 2016,the intelligent level index was constructed and the fixed effect model LSDV method was used to explore the change of labor demand of three different skill levels and the change of relative demand of labor with different skill structure under the influence of intelligent material capital investment.This paper analyzes the influence measure and direction of artificial intelligence on the absolute value and relative value of China’s labor force employment structure.The results show that:(1)The influence of artificial intelligence on the employment of different levels of labor force in China is in different directions,which is generally similar to the previous research conclusions of western scholars on developed countries.There is also a "polarization" trend,that is,it promotes the employment of low-skilled and high-skilled labor force while impedes the employment of middle-level labor force.(2)The upgrading of industrial structure will further intensify the impact of AI on the development of employment polarization in China to a certain extent.(3)The highly skilled labor force in Northeast China is the most positively affected by AI,while the medium labor force in Northeast China is the most squeezed by AI,while the low-skilled labor force in the middle reaches of Yangtze River is the most positively affected by AI.(4)The development of artificial intelligence will promote a significant increase in the proportion of highly skilled labor compared with the medium-skilled labor group,but has no significant impact on the relative structure between the medium-skilled labor force and the low-skilled labor force.Finally,according to the research conclusions,it puts forward some policy suggestions on strengthening education and training,optimizing industrial structure and improving social welfare.