| Research background: With the improvement of the level of sports training in various countries,the technical and tactical levels among athletes are increasingly approaching.Therefore,to further improve the athletic ability of athletes,the development of athletes' physical fitness has become a necessary way.Competitive Tae Kwon Do and Wushu Sanda belong to the same field antagonistic sub-category in the skill-led category.For the same field antagonistic items,physical fitness and sports technology are the most important elements of competitive ability,which is a measure of the level of competitive ability of athletes Important elements.Body shape and athletic quality are important components of physical fitness,so they also have an important impact on athletes' athletic ability.Competitive Taekwondo and Wushu Sanda events have a lot in common in terms of competition time,technical and tactical characteristics,sports quality characteristics,body shape characteristics and so on.Purpose: Through athlete's body shape,sitting forward,vertical jump,T-run,squat maximum strength,bench press maximum strength,pull-ups,30-meter time running,back muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance,YOYO running The test results of the project,combined with the characteristics of the respective projects,are analyzed and summarized,and the characteristics of the body shape and sports quality of the athletes of the two and large levels are summarized,the overall and overall between the events,the large and large levels,the small and small levels The characteristic difference between the physical shape and sports quality of the athletes of different levels.Method: 1.Literature method In the China How Net database,search for "Competitive Taekwondo" as the subject term,the search time is all years,a total of 482 documents;search for the subject of "Wu Wu Sanda",the search time is all years,a total of 2,635 articles Literature;with "Taekwondo" as the subject and including "Body Form" retrieval time for all years,there are 50 documents in total;with "Taekwondo" as the subject and including "Sports Quality" retrieval time for all years in total,60 documents;A total of 40 documents were searched for "Sanda" as the subject and included "Body Form" for all years;a total of 26 documents were searched for "Sanda" as the subject and included "Sports Quality".In the Elsevier database,the search time with competitive taekwondo as the keyword is 167 articles in all years;the search time with Sanda as the keyword is 6732 articles in all years.During the research process,reading relevant literature,and performing statistics,sorting,and inductive analysis provide a large number of theoretical basis for the research in this article.2.Test method Perform basic fitness tests on competitive Taekwondo and Wushu Sanda athletes respectively.Test items include(height,weight,finger length,sitting height,upper limb length,lower limb length,lower leg length,Achilles tendon length,sitting body flexion,vertical vertical jump,T Type running,30 m sprint,bench press 1RM test,squat 1RM test,pull-ups,back muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance and YOY running test).3.Mathematical Statistics Use spss20.0 statistical software to test each test score of Taekwondo athletes and Sanda athletes to see if they meet the normal distribution.If they conform to the normal distribution,use the independent sample T test.The test data of the overall athletes,small-level athletes,and large-level athletes between levels,events and events are tested by independent samples T,and the values of M,T,and P are analyzed.If they do not conform to the distribution of non-parametric,non-parametric tests are used,with P < 0.05 is a significant level.The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation(M ± SD).Based on the above three methods,with the athletic sports school affiliated to Shanghai Institute of Physical Education,17 young men athletes of Wushu Sanda team and 17 young men athletes of competitive taekwondo team as the research object,the characteristics of the two items of body shape and athletic quality were studied.Result: Morphological characteristics: 1.Overall comparison,there is no significant difference in the height,finger distance,sitting height,upper limb length,lower limb length,and calf length of the small and large athletes in the two events(P> 0.05),and there are significant differences in BMI and Achilles tendon length(P <0.05).2.Compared with the project,there were significant differences in BMI,sitting height,upper limb length,and lower limb length between teenage male athlete Taekwondo and martial arts Sanda athletes(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in height,finger length,calf length,and Achilles tendon length.Sexual difference(P> 0.05).3.There is no significant difference in BMI,height,finger length,upper limb length,calf length,and Achilles tendon length between the small-level competitive Taekwondo and the small-level martial arts Sanda athletes(P> 0.05).There were significant differences in the length of lower limbs;there was no significant difference in height,finger distance,lower limb length,and Achilles tendon length between large-scale competitive Taekwondo and martial arts Sanda athletes,and there were significant differences in BMI,sitting height,upper limb length,and calf length(P <0.05).Athletic quality: 1.Overall comparison,the flexibility,speed,sensitivity,lower limb relative strength,upper limb relative strength,lower limb explosive force,upper limb endurance,back muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance,and aerobic endurance of the small and large athletes are not significant Sexual differences(P> 0.05);there was a significant difference in the maximum strength of the lower limbs and the maximum strength of the upper limbs(P <0.05).2.There is no significant difference in the flexibility,speed,sensitivity,relative strength of the lower limbs,explosive power of the lower limbs,and back muscle endurance of the young male competitive Taekwondo and martial arts Sanda athletes(P> 0.05).Significant differences were found in maximum strength,relative strength of the upper limbs,upper limb muscle endurance,and abdominal muscle endurance aerobic endurance(P <0.05).3.Comparison between the levels of the project and the project,there is no significant difference in the sensitive qualities,back muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance,and aerobic endurance of small-level competitive Taekwondo and smalllevel martial arts Sanda athletes(P> 0.05),flexibility and speed There are significant differences in the maximum strength of the lower limbs,the relative strength of the lower limbs,the maximum strength of the upper limbs,the relative strength of the upper limbs,and the muscle endurance of the upper limbs(P <0.05);There was no significant difference in relative strength of lower limbs,explosive force of lower limbs,back muscle endurance(P> 0.05),there were significant differences in speed quality,upper limb maximum strength,upper limb relative strength,upper limb muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance,and aerobic endurance(P <0.05).Conclusion:1.Overall comparison,the BMI of large-level athletes is greater than that of small-level athletes.2.Comparison of items: The upper and lower limb lengths of competitive Taekwondo athletes are significantly larger than those of martial arts Sanda athletes,and the BMI is smaller than that of Wushu Sanda athletes.3.Comparison of athletes of the same level between the projects,the small-level competitive Taekwondo athletes are significantly longer than the small-level martial arts Sanda athletes,the large-level competitive Taekwondo athletes are significantly smaller than the large-level martial arts Sanda athletes,upper limb length,lower leg length Significantly larger than large-level martial arts Sanda athletes.4.Overall comparison,the flexibility,speed,sensitivity,lower limb relative strength,upper limb relative strength,lower limb explosive power,upper limb endurance,back muscle endurance,abdominal muscle endurance,and aerobic endurance are not significant in the small and large athletes of the two events.In terms of sexual differences,the maximum strength of the lower limbs and the upper limb of the largelevel athletes is significantly better than that of the small-level athletes.5.Compared with the project,the maximum strength of lower limbs,maximum strength of upper limbs,relative strength of upper limbs,upper limb muscle endurance,and abdominal muscle endurance of martial arts Sanda athletes are significantly better than those of competitive Taekwondo athletes.6.Comparison of athletes of the same level among the projects.The flexibility of smalllevel competitive Taekwondo athletes is significantly better than that of small-level martial arts Sanda athletes.The speed quality,maximum strength of lower limbs,relative strength of lower limbs,maximum strength of upper limbs,and relative strength of upper limbs The strength and explosive power of lower limbs are significantly better than those of small-level competitive Taekwondo athletes;the speed quality of largelevel competitive Taekwondo athletes is significantly better than that of large-level martial arts Sanda athletes.Large-scale martial arts Sanda athletes have maximum upper limb strength,relative upper limb strength,upper limb muscle endurance,and abdominal muscle Endurance and aerobic capacity are significantly better than those of large-level competitive Taekwondo athletes. |
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