A Comparative Study Of Characteristics Of Scientists In Chinese And American Chemistry Textbooks

The image of scientists presented in textbooks will affect students' cognition of scientists,affecting their mastery of scientific knowledge and development of scientific interest.Taking the characteristics of scientists as the starting point,this paper analyzes the Chinese Jiangsu edition high school Chemistry textbook and the American high school Chemistry textbook?Chemistry:CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS?,so as to provide references for domestic textbooks.Firstly,based on the literature review at home and abroad,this paper constructs a research framework for the characteristics of scientists in textbooks,and divides the characteristics of scientists into five parts: research background,research process,research results,content presentation and educational value.The main indexes and evaluation criteria are divided.Secondly,this paper uses the research framework to code and analyze the Chinese and American high school chemistry textbooks,and compares two versions of textbooks with the same scientist cases and typical scientist cases,so as to reveal the characteristics of scientists in textbooks and find the features and differences between two textbooks.Research shows that:(1)The Chinese edition introduces more modern scientists,so that students can improve their understanding of modern science.The American edition focuses on background obstacles such as current turmoil and lack of conditions,so as to let students know the real situation of the scientific world.The selection and enrichment of the research background in two editions should be strengthened.(2)In two editions,scientists mainly conduct independent research,and there are some research methods such as model,induction,comparison,hypothesis,analogy,etc.,but the empirical methods and theoretical methods of scientists are not integrated,and there is a lack of specific description of the research process and motivation.(3)The research results of scientists in the Chinese edition is theorized,and the description of the impact is more vivid.The American version focuses more on the description of applied impact,emphasizing the impact of research findings on daily life.Both editions can carry out neutral evaluation of scientists from multiple perspectives.(4)Scientists of the Chinese edition are worked as knowledge supplement,while that of theAmerican are worked as knowledge arrangement system,and the presentation form and requirements are richer and clearer.In both editions,scientists are presented in the form of text and picture,and links scientists with functions such as thinking,analysis and access to information.(5)Both editions focus on the innovative spirit of scientists,the Chinese edition focuses on the spirit of exploration and the American edition focuses on the spirit of rigorous.Cooperative work cannot reflect the spirit of cooperation.Both editions are also not prominent enough to reflect scientists' efforts to maintain peace and alert risks,which is not conducive to forming correct values for students.