The Development Of Primary And Secondary School Students' Usage Ability Of Part-list Cues And Their Metamemory Monitoring Ability

Memory is associated with all aspects of people's life,and the understanding of some memory phenomena can help us live and learn better.In the field of memory,there is a phenomenon called part-set cuing effects,which means that when subjects learn some material first,and then recall it,if they are given a part of the learning material as a reminder,their performance in recall is worse than that in the absence of prompts.This phenomenon has been confirmed by many researchers,and some developmental studies have found that part-list cuing effect exists at all ages.Meta-memory monitoring is an individual's prediction and estimation of their own performance in the memory process,which can be divided into prospective judgment and retrospective judgment according to the different stages of memory.At present,there are few studies on memory monitoring in part-list cuing effect,most of which use the allocation of learning time as an index,but the study on memory monitoring in part-list cuing effect is not comprehensive enough.At present,the research on part-list cuing effect usually adopts the experimenter's way of manipulating the experimental conditions,and the subjects only need to recall the corresponding way according to the arrangement of the experimenter.If in the recall stage,the subjects were asked to choose between the cue recall and the free recall,could the subjects of different ages be aware of the negative effect of some cues and what choices would they make? Is the choice affected by the level of memory monitoring? The current study does not address this.Therefore,this study selected second grade and fifth grade in elementary school,junior middle school second grade,the high school second grade students as subjects,using the words written materials,combined task difficulty judgment,learning degree judgment and extraction confidence judgment with part-list cuing effect model,and investigated the use level of part-list cuing and the development of monitoring ability of primary and secondary school students of all ages by letting the subjects independently choose the form of recall method.Research is divided into two experiments: experiment 1 through three rounds,to record the participants in metamemory monitoring tasks involved in each round of experiments,the choice of mode of memory and,at the same time record the participants in each round of metamemory monitoring judgment from the experimental values,the results show that with the option to increase number,each grade subjects can be aware of some clues to interfere,but second grade subjects of some clues to the use of level was significantly lower than other three grade,at the same time,a senior in the free recall accuracy is higher;On the basis of experiment 1,experiment 2 increased the two types of memory learning experience,study subjects after have specific learning experience usage ability of part-list cues and monitoring the accuracy of the law of development,it was found that there are part of the second grade subjects after learning experience,usage ability of part-list cues was significantly lower than other three grade,second grade of metamemory monitoring accuracy is significantly lower than the other three grade.Based on the results of the two experiments,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)Part-list cuing effect exists in students of different grades.(2)The use level of part-list cuing in senior grade is higher than that in junior grade.From grade 2 to grade 5 of primary school is a period of rapid development of the use level of part-list cuing.(3)The development level of meta-memory monitoring of primary and secondary school students restricts the use level of part-list cuing.The accuracy of memory monitoring of senior students is higher than that of junior students,and the primary school stage is the key period for the development of monitoring accuracy.(4)Retrospective judgment is better developed and more accurate than prospective judgment.(5)Previous specific learning experience can improve the use level of part-list cuing and the ability of meta-memory monitoring in primary and secondary school students.