| Objective: With the aging problem becoming more and more serious,more and more people pay attention to the physical health problems.It is the focus of current research to find the right way to exercise to improve the physical health of the elderly.Exercise intervention can effectively alleviate the decline of skeletal muscle mass,body function and related indexes in the elderly.Therefore,this paper discusses the effects of different exercise interventions on skeletal muscle mass and body function in the elderly,and the significance of different exercise modes in preventing skeletal muscle atrophy in the elderly,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for scientific fitness in the elderly.Research object: Elderly people in the surrounding Shahekou District communities of dalian city were selected as the research object.After screening,28 elderly women aged 60-75 years were selected and signed the informed consent.They were randomly divided into 3 groups,10 cases in the tai chi group,10 cases in the elastic resistance training group,and 8 cases in the blank control group.Methods: The elastic resistance training group was trained three times a week from 7:30 am to 8:30 am on Mondays,wednesdays and fridays.The tai chi group trained three times a week,and performed 24 types of tai chi exercises from 7:30 a.m.to 8:30 a.m.on Tuesdays,Thursdays and Saturdays,each time for one hour.And unified test,the test indicators are: height,weight,skeletal muscle mass,bone density T value,waist-hip ratio,body fat rate,grip strength,4 meters walking speed.Research results:(1)After exercise intervention,skeletal muscle mass index significantly improved the resistance training group and the tai chi group of elastic band(P < 0.01),and there was a significant difference between the resistance training group and the control group of elastic band after exercise(P < 0.05),and there was a significant difference between the tai chi group and the control group(P < 0.05).(2)After exercise intervention,the walking speed of the elastic band group and the tai chi group was significantly different from that of the control group(P < 0.01).The walking speed of the elastic belt resistance training group was higher than that of the tai chi group(P < 0.05).After exercise intervention,compared with the control group,the balance ability of the tai chi group and the elastic band resistance training group was significantly improved(P < 0.05),and the balance ability of the tai chi group was significantly higher than that of the elastic band resistance training group(P < 0.05).After exercise intervention,muscle strength of the elastic band resistance training group was significantly improved compared with that of the control group(P < 0.01).The muscle strength of the elastic belt resistance training group was significantly higher than that of the tai chi group(P < 0.01).(3)After exercise intervention,the body fat rate and waist-hip ratio of the elastic belt resistance training group and the taijiquan group were significantly lower than that before exercise intervention(P < 0.01).After exercise intervention,there were statistically significant differences in body fat rate and waist-to-hip ratio between the tai chi group and the elastic band group and the blank group(P < 0.05).(4)After exercise intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in bone mineral density between the elastic belt resistance training group,the blank control group and the tai chi group(P > 0.05).Research conclusions:(1)Both the elastic resistance training group and the tai chi group had positive effects on skeletal muscle mass.It is suggested that exercise has a positive effect on delaying skeletal muscle atrophy in the elderly.(2)Walking speed,muscle strength and balance improvement of the elastic band resistance training group and tai chi group walking speed and muscle strength are more important to improve the elastic band resistance training group,and balance improvement is more important in the tai chi group.It is suggested that different forms of exercise are of great significance in preventing and alleviating the occurrence of skeletal muscle atrophy in the elderly.(3)The elastic belt resistance training group and tai chi group had a positive effect on the body fat rate and waist-hip ratio in the elderly.The improvement of body fat ratio of taijiquan was better than that of the elastic belt resistance training group.(4)Different exercise interventions in this experiment had no significant effect on bone mineral density. |
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