Construction And Application Of Physics Exercise Progressions Design Model

Under the requirement of national policy,the position of exercise research is prominent.Researching exercises by data,which could reflect levels of students truly,objectively and comprehensively,improve the quality of homework,to help students breakthrough learning difficulties and complete learning progressions,which students could benefit from.The arrangement of homework should never neglect students' existing cognitive level or cognitive structure.The zone of proximal development theory emphasizes the relationship between students' existing cognitive level and potential cognitive level.Therefore,it's an important way to improve the effective level of exercises,by screening exercise for students according to determining students' zone of proximal development,which can mobilize as well as motivating potential maximum.Based on the item response theory,a quantitative method to measure the zone of proximal development has been established.The ability level of each student can be obtained by the item response theory fitting of students' response to the testlets with low difficulty parameters,through which the current level of students can be deduced.The ability level is regarded as the lower bound of the zone of proximal development.Fit students' responses to the testlets with high difficulty parameters.The ability level value is considered to be the upper bound.Exercises for different students could select,group and segment according to the zone of proximal development.It could form relatively scientific physics learning progressions based on exercise solution,which is called exercising progressions.By analyzing 89 students and 147 exercises,the zone of proximal development of students' ability has determined,and selected exercises according to the zone of proximal development.It shows the accuracy rate is about 90% when forecasting the zone of proximal development.For screen exercises with unknown difficulty parameters,by using precise classification theory,combined with characteristics of physical exercises,a difficulty level prediction modeled is proposed.It's composed of 9 dimensions,which are behavior objectives,situations setting,knowledge contents,concrete forms,concrete requirements,physical quantities,number of objects,number of processes and especially described.Results show the accuracy close to 95% when the required precision is not too high(99% confidence interval).Using the prediction of the zone of proximal development and the difficulty of the exercises,exercise selection has been carrying on.The data shows that the comprehensive prediction accuracy is about 80%.The results show that measurement tools have a certain accuracy.In order to further optimize the structure of exercises,students' learning path has been studied by structural equation model.It's found that different classes or different levels of students have different learning paths.Combined with the zone of proximal development,the exercise difficulty prediction,and the exploration of learning path,examples of personalized exercise recommendation has been given.The testlets generated by the method above,which are gradual promotion,accord with learning path of students.By practicing exercises,students could achieve exercising progressions.