Research On The Influencing Factors And Problems Of Village-level Collective Economic Development

The rural collective economy is an important component of the socialist public ownership economy.Supporting and expanding village-level collective economic will be conducive to promote moderate scale operation of agriculture,optimize the allocation of agricultural production factors and improve rural social governance as well as rural public service capabilities.The development of collective economy in villages in china presents polarization nowadays.The regional differences are obvious.The main manifestations are that the eastern coastal developed regions are better than those under developed areas in the central and western regions,and the suburb villages are stronger than the outskirts villages.In general,the development of the village-level collective economic is relatively slow due to some historical reasons,practical and ideological constraints.Especially in poverty-stricken areas,the positive significances of the village-level collective economy in economic and social aspects have not yet been fully realized.The academic community also lacks extensive and indepth research on the development of the village-level collective economy in these areas.Based on this,the present paper first defines the concept of the village-level collective economy,sorts out the development history of the village-level collective economy since the founding of China.The economic,social and ecological functions of the village-level collective economy have been discussed,which highlight the importance and necessity of the development of the collective economy at the village and lays a theoretical foundation for this study.Secondly,combined with the difference cases in the developed areas,the less developed areas in the central regions and the poverty-stricken areas in northwest China.The Qualitative Comparative Analysis method is used to obtain the key influencing factors of the effectiveness of the village-level collective economic development.Then,taking Longde County,a poverty-stricken county in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia as an example to make an indepth empirical research on the development status,typical models and existing problems of village level collective economy,and finally puts forward some reasonable countermeasures and suggestions based on this.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows.(1)A framework of village-level collective economy effective development factors is established by using theoretical analysis.The qualitative data of village-level collective economic development in 12 case villages have been collected through research interviews,and qualitative comparative analysis(QCA)is used for analysis.The results show that factors such as asset utilization efficiency,village elites,government guidance and the awareness of farmers play an important role in the development of village collective economy.The efficiency of assets utilization is the most critical factor,while resource endowment is a general factor and plays an insignificant role.In addition,under the condition that one factor does not affect,the coverage rate of each factor combination is relatively low,which indicates that whether the village collective economy is effective or not is the result of the combination of various factors.The combination of the influencing variables presents a diversified pattern.(2)The development of the village-level collective economy has the characteristics including the income is mainly based on financial allocation and subsidies,the policy guidance and the government promotion play a significant role,the reform of the property right system has been progressing steadily,and model of joint stock cooperation is initially formed.The stock cooperation management model of "village collective + cooperatives" has become a typical model for the village collective economy.In general,the village-level collective economic development is still in the primary stage and the development is lagging behind.There are still a number of problems,such as the masses are still lack of confidence in collective management,hematopoietic insufficiency,human capital shortage,collective economic organization and management system is not complete,lack of sustained and effective policy supply and so on.These situations are basically consistent with the results of qualitative comparative analysis.(3)Further,this paper proposes that village elites should be cultivated.Talent-cultivation and introduction should be focused.Various models of village collective economic development should be explored by taking the joint stock cooperative system as the dominated.The characteristic advantaged industries should drive the development of the agricultural industry chain.The innovation of collective economic organization mechanism need to be speed up.The government policy support should be increased to promote the development of village-level collective economy.