| In recent years,in our country's economic development process,the general profit rate and the industrial profit rate have the trend of decline and differentiation has caused widespread concern.This paper argues that there are many reasons for this phenomenon,but the main reason is the rent level and land price increase.Studying the changes of the spatial rent structure and its impact on the general profit rate and the industrial profit rate under the urbanization conditions constitute the theme of the paper.On the basis of combing the research results of the theory of rent of contemporary Marxists at home and abroad,this paper point that,the traditional theory of land rent of Marxism cannot explain the relationship between the rising land price and economic development under the current institutional background and economic conditions.This paper,along with the analysis method and framework of Marxist economics,tries to construct the space land rent theory based on the traditional land rent theory.We find that the space rent does not only include the absolute land rent(d)to compensate for the decrease of the social value caused by the conversion of agricultural land into urban land,differential land ?(d?)rent formed by geographical position difference,and differential rent ?(d?)caused by the continuous capital investment resulting in the difference of the infrastructure level,it also includes the spatial differential rent ?(d?).By introducing capital concentration and Marxist theory of social division of labor,the dissertation demonstrates the conditions and causes of the formation of differential rent in spatial differential rent ?(d?),that is,the spatial differential rent resulting from the spatial difference in labor productivity caused by the spatial difference in the level of social division of labor.The concentration of capital in space has led to the rise of cities and towns,and the social division of labor is the result of urbanization.The deepening of social division of labor improves the efficiency of enterprises.The benefits derived therefrom are not the result of the management of enterprises and the technological innovation of enterprises,rather,it is a kind of social gift.This gift will become a conditions that part of surplus labor converted to excess profits,and this part of excess profits will be taken away by the land owners to form a differential rent III.On this basis,the model of profit rate land rent rate is constructed.The model shows that in the short run,with the increase of land rent level,there is a phenomenon of"polarization of distribution",which results in the increase of the general economic profit margin and the decrease of the industrial capital profit rate.After expanding the meaning of the land rent,there is a big difference in space,and this difference will lead to spatial differentiation in inter regional scope of the level of profit resulting from different levels of land rent.In the empirical part,we use the data from 2009 to 2014 in 102 key cities for empirical tests,and use Propensity Score Matching(PSM)method to make inferences about cause and effect.The results show that,on the one hand,industrial land prices can significantly affect the general profit rate,and the regression coefficient is positive,which shows that in the short term land prices,so that rent increases will indeed make the economy's general profit rate increased.On the other hand,the industrial profit rate has decreased with the increase of industrial land prices.This shows that the profit rate of different industries tend to diverge under the background of continuous improvement of industrial land prices.Empirical research prove that the "two differentiation" propositions are in line with economic realities.On this basis,the paper puts forward policy recommendations that limit the level of land rent and land prices,to ensure that the real economy to obtain a normal profit rate.The practical significance of the paper is reflected here. |
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