Research On Tourism Security Risk Evaluation Of Shapotou Scenic Area In Ningxia

The Shapotou scenic area has become the leading desert type scenic spot in the northwest of China with its monopoly of sand and water combination and the achievements of the world's famous sand control,which attracts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists every year.However,in recent years,the heavy overloading of tourists,hot projects and unreasonable development in the Shapotou scenic area,the influence on the desert environment has been derived from the main negative effects on the natural environment to the impact on the regional economic,social and cultural environment,which caused a surge in tourism safety risk,threat to desert tourist travel safety and the sustainable development of desert tourism.Therefore,this paper takes Shapotou scenic area as the research object,and analyzes its tourism safety risk.First,on the basis of analyzing the literature and background of tourism safety,tourism risk and desert tourism at home and abroad,this paper refines the necessity of studying the risk of tourism safety in Shapotou scenic area,and clarifies its research content and research methods;from the cause of the elements of tourism,tourist safety accident and the nature of the tourism safety accidents and so on,further explore the types of descending tourism safety risk,and analyzes the particularity of tourism safety risk and theoretical basis.Second,based on the natural disaster theory and the causal chain analysis model of tourist safety accidents,and combining the actual situation of Shapotou scenic spot,it is clear that the identification and analysis of tourist safety risk in Shapotou scenic area is mainly the result of the joint effect of hazard,exposure,vulnerability and disaster prevention and mitigation capability.Moreover,it further analyzes the risk factors and risk receptors of the tourist safety and risk factors of the scenic spots,and discusses the influencing factors of hazard,exposure,vulnerability and disaster prevention and mitigation capability.Again,based on the methods of ecological security risk assessment and risk assessment of natural disasters,this paper puts forward the method of evaluating the tourism security risk in shapotou scenic spot.Use remote sensing and ArcGis to determine the research area and divide the region of tourism security risk;construction of tourism safety risk evaluation index system and calculation weight;construction of model of tourism safety risk evaluation,clear the calculation method and the quantitative standard of specific index;using Kriging interpolation method to draw the risk distribution map of tourism safety in Shapotou scenic area on ArcGis;the risk of tourist safety in Shapotou scenic area is divided into 5 levels,the highest risk area,the higher risk area,the middle risk area,the lower risk area and the lowest risk area,realize the evaluation results of space and visualization.Finally,combined with the identification and analysis and method of tourism safety risk assessment in Shapotou scenic area.From 2011 to 2016,the tourism safety risk of Shapotou scenic area has been gradually reduced,and most of the areas are low risk areas of tourism safety risk,and there are two highest risk areas for tourism safety risk.The desert area is centered on the desert dynamic zone,the Hotel Sands and the desert camel field.The center of the Yellow River area is mainly rafting,flying,and the Yellow River rafting.Other grades along the two high value center on risk during the whole show diminishing distance distribution.In 2016,the overall risk of tourism safety is a low risk area in Shapotou scenic area.According to the specific evaluation results,we respectively put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for different risk areas.