The Analysis On The Operational Efficiency Of Listed Banks In Shanghai And Shenzhen Stock Market Based On DEA

The 19th National Congress of CPC re-emphasized the importance of "improving the efficiency and level of the finance services for real economy ".Commercial banks are the core of the financial system,their efficiency directly affect the allocation effect of social resources and the utilization level of financial resources.With changes in domestic and international environment,the efficiency of banks is widely concerned.The tota assets of thelisted(commercial)banks account for the vast majority of the China banking industry,so,it is of great significance for listed commercial banks and even the whole banking industry to study the efficiency and the influencing factors of the listed commercial banks.This paper selects 16 commercial banks which are listed in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock market as sample,the sample interval is from 2012 to 2016.The total sample is divided into three groups:state-owned commercial banks,the national joint-stock commercial banks and city commercial banks.We use different DEA models to calculate the operational efficiency of these listed commercial banks.First,we use the BCC model and Malmquist Index to make a horizontal and vertical comparison among the technical efficiency(TE),pure technical efficiency(PTE)and scale efficiency(SE)of each bank.Then we use the super-efficiency model to further calculate the efficiency of banks which are DEA effective.Finally,we divide bank's operational procession into two stages:production-operation and fund-profitability,the four-quadrant diagram is used to analyze the different banks' two-stage efficiency performance.Next we establish a model to analyze the factors that affect the operational efficiency of banks,the factors are from the internal and external.At the end of this paper,we put forward some suggestions on the efficiency improvement of listed commercial banks.In our paper,we found the average technical efficiency of the 16 listed commercial banks remained unchanged in 2012 and 2013,but continued to decline from 2014 to 2016.The technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the state-owned banks are generally low.The pure technical efficiency of joint-stock banks are relatively low,but the total factor productivity are increasing.The total factor productivity of the city banks are declining.In the further study of the super-efficiency,it was found that the joint-stock banks are ranked high.In the two-stage efficiency measurement,we found that the operating-efficiency and profit-efficiency of the joint-stock banks are relatively high,the state-owned banks are relatively low,and the efficiency of the city banks is general.In the study about influencing factors,we found that the GDP growth rate,the growth rate of M2 and the Internet Finance significantly influence the operational efficiency.Among the internal influencing factors,the scale of assets,the capital adequacy ratio,the proportion of non-interest income and the ratio of non-performing loan have significant effects on the banks' operational efficiency.