Northeast State-owned Enterprises Learned From Working Methods Of Zhong-chang Railway(1950-1956)

In the early days of New China,due to its excellent geographical location,abundant natural resources,and good industrial foundation,the Central Government decided to concentrate the nation's human and material resources to construct Northeast China preferentially and made it provide machinery,experience,and talents for the whole country and grow into the cradle of New China's industry.As an important pillar of the socialist economy,the prosperity and development of state-owned enterprises have a direct bearing on the lifeline of the national economy and the stability of the socialist regime.However,local state-owned enterprises were faced with management confusions,talent shortages,and financial difficulties after the liberation of Northeast China because of the aggression of Japanese imperialist and war damages lasting numerous years.Under the double pressure of the internal absence of socialist work experience and the external surrounding and blockading imposed by capitalism on the nascent socialist regime,the state-owned enterprises of Northeast China must learn from the Soviet Union.According to the requirements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the call of the Northeast People's Government,In the context of studying the Soviet era in the early days of the founding of New China,In the process of drawing on and promoting the management methods of Soviet enterprises in the northeast state-owned enterprises,the working methods of the enterprises of Sino-Soviet joint ventures played a demonstration role.The Zhong-Chang railway was once a Sino-Soviet joint model venture,copied and applied management modes and work methods of the Soviet socialist enterprises to varying degrees,created numerous new and advanced work methods,and was worth learning by other state-owned enterprises of Northeast China,mainly including work methods of production,management,propaganda,and trade unions.Based on the literature analysis method,macro-micro combination method and interdisciplinary method,this paper draws on the research results of scholars at home and abroad,basing on the working methods of the Zhong-Chang railways,and discusses the reference effect of the northeast state-owned enterprises in the early days of the founding of New China.In general,in the early days of New China,state-owned enterprises throughout the Northeast China learned the work methods of the Zhong-Chang Railway and this playeda positive role in the development of the northeastern state-owned enterprises,such as establishing basic work methods of northeastern state-owned enterprises,accelerating recovery and development of the northeastern national economy,and promoting Sino-Soviet friendly cooperative relations.Of course,there were also some limitations that have brought some negative impacts on the development of the northeastern state-owned enterprises.Objective analysis of successes and failures of the northeastern state-owned enterprises in learning the work methods of the Zhong-Chang Railway in the early days of New China can provide useful insights for rejuvenating and developing the old industrial bases in Northeast China...