Study On The Evolution Of Urban Residential Space Structure In Shanghai

The residential space is an important part of the urban space.It not noly lays an important foundation for the spatial structure of the city,but also has a profound impact on the quality of residents' life.The outline of the Thirteenth Five-year plan for housing construction in the urban and rural areas clearly highlight the target that “The space layout for housing construction is optimized,the living quality is greatly improved and housing construction model is transformed and upgraded”,which makes it especially important to clarify the evolution mechanism of housing construction structure,to reasonably lead orderly space expansion and to optimize space structure.As an international metropolis,Shanghai has experienced several rounds of changes in its urban construction planning and functions since the founding of PRC.The tortuous course of urban development makes the dynamic evolution of residential space in Shanghai even more special,which can provide a typical example for the study on the structural evolution of urban residential space.The studies about urban residential space in China has shaped a theory and method for the studies on residential space with Chinese characteristics based on their lessons from western theory.But the studies are still weak.The research content mainly focuses on social space instead of physical space,and the time scale for research is short.Therefore,this paper takes Shanghai who experiences rapid changes in urban space as its research subject and 1949 to 2015 as its time scale.It comprehensively adopts the density analysis on residence community,factor analysis,cluster analysis,standard deviation analysis,Kriging interpolation analysis as well as GIS cartographic analysis method and takes references to document literature and a large amount of data statistical analysis results about social economic.It reveals the structural evolution features of residential space in Shanghai since the founding of PRC by describing the residential space expansion and internal structural evolution.Meanwhile it focuses on the suburb areas of Shanghai and describes current residential space structure in Shanghai in details.Lastly,it summarizes the evolution mechanism of residential space in Shanghai through data,material and case analysis based on the analysis results in the previous texts to provide certain references to the scientific planning and related policies formulation in Shanghai.The macro knowledge and conclusion for the structural evolution of residential space in Shanghai have been acquired through analysis.From 1949 to 2015,Shanghai has undergone four stages of residential space expansion which are slow development,rapid expansion,speedy expansion and stable extension.The expansion mode,internal structure of residential space and residential pattern has demonstrated distinctive features at each stage.It is found from comprehensive summary and analysis that the inner structure of urban residential space in Shanghai has demonstrated four various features since 1949: The residential space scope is expanding,the structure of circular layer in central urban areas is gradually deepened.The spatial heterogeneity of the internal circular layer is becoming stronger and stronger and the residential patterns are more and more diverse.Currently the residential space in Shanghai demonstrates three key features: there are less community with higher residential quality,the heterogeneity of irregular circular layer structure is relatively high,and the heterogeneity is higher for some areas in the east and the west of Shanghai.Besides,residential-concentrated area with various grades of quality demonstrate different location characteristics and material space.The regulation mechanism of policy system,the control and guidance mechanism of urban planning and the impact mechanism of social behaviors are three major mechanisms that influence the structural evolution of urban residential space in Shanghai.However,these three mechanisms do not independently influence the formulation of residential space.They are rather a complex interaction,which play a common role in the evolution of residential space structure.The research time scale in this paper is long,it is around 70 years.The research time scale covers the entire process of major changes in the Chinese economic system.So,the time series for pattern evolution is more complete and comprehensive.