Study On The Evolution Of Ecological Vulnerability And The Construction Of Land Ecological Security Pattern In Guizhou Province

The over-exploitation and utilization of natural resources leads to the decrease of coordination ability within the ecosystem.The vulnerability of the ecosystem is gradually emerging,which threaten the survival and development of human beings.Guizhou province is located in the Yangtze river and pearl river upstream headwater,is an important ecological barrier in the southwest.It is not clear how the ecological vulnerability of Guizhou province under the background of changing global climate and regional land cover.And what changes in the human drive of ecological vulnerability have not yet been clear in the new era.The revelation of these problems can provide scientific reference for the development policy of ecological civilization in Guizhou province.Therefore,we carried out a study on the ecological vulnerability and land ecological security pattern of Guizhou province from the perspectives of "macroscopic and microscopic" and the dimensions of "habitat-structure-function".This study based on Habitat-Structure-Function model to construct ecological fragility evaluation index system.Index weight was calculated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).Calculate the vulnerability index number with the comprehensive weighted method from 2000 to 2015.Analyze the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of habitat vulnerability,structure vulnerability,function vulnerability,ecological vulnerability of Guizhou province.Also analyze the main socio-economic drivers of the ecological vulnerability in Guizhou province.At the same time,the ecological security pattern of the basin is constructed based on the ecological vulnerability assessment results.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The habitat vulnerability of Guizhou province generally shows the spatial distribution pattern of north higher than the south.The overall habitat vulnerability of the whole province showed a slow upward trend,and the habitat vulnerability increased in 50.51% of the region.While the increase region of habitat vulnerability was larger,the overall increase was small.(2)The structure vulnerability of Guizhou province generally shows the spatial distribution pattern of east and north is higher than central and western.The overall structural vulnerability of the whole province showed a significant downward trend,while 33.54% of the regional structural vulnerability declined,and 7.29% of the regional structural vulnerability declined increased.(3)The functional vulnerability of Guizhou province generally shows the spatial distribution pattern of east are higher than central and western.The overall functional vulnerability of the whole province remained stable,with about 5.87% of regional functional vulnerability rising,and about 5.72% of regional functional vulnerability declined.(4)The ecological fragility of Guizhou province shows the spatial distribution pattern of west higher than east.The overall ecological vulnerability of the whole province is decreasing,and the ecological fragility of the region is reduced by about 31.33%,and the ecological vulnerability in the region is about 7.37%.(5)Land use is the most important driving force of Guizhou's ecological vulnerability,followed by economic development factors,and finally,social development factors.Among them,the main positive human driving factors in ecological vulnerability of the cultivated land area propotion,the added value of second industry proportion,GDP per capita,population density.The main negative driving factors are forest land area propotion,the added value of the third industry proportion,the incidence of poverty.(6)The construction of Yinjiang river basin is based on the results of ecological vulnerability assessment and according to the method of landscape ecology.There are 6 source areas of India River Basin are 337.70km2,low resistance corridor has 56.55 km,river corridor has 112 km,and ecological nodes have 17.The ecological security pattern of Yinjiang river basin is taking ecological source as key point,with river corridors as the aorta and low resistance corridors as capillaries.