A Experimental Study On The Effect Of Constructive Criticism And Destructive Criticism On Individual Cognitive Psychological Outcomes

Negative feedback is so popular in our work and daily life that people often use it as an effective way to improve performance.However,does unpalatable advice benefit conduct absolutely? Does negative feedback work like a good medicine that cure a disease?The actual effect of negative feedback is less than expected in practice,and its harm to individual psychology,Which has already been the focus of our society.How to provide negative feedback effectively? How to reduce the psychological damage of people who received negative feedback? It is not only the research topic in psychology and organizational behavior,but also the need of human resource management for a long time.Negative feedback was classified as constructive criticism and destructive criticism in this study,and I investigated the main effect of constructive criticism versus destructive criticism on individual cognitive psychological outcomes and the moderating effect of individual difference through a laboratory experiment.This research not only overcame the situation that previous literature focused on behavioral outcomes and paied little attention to mental health,but also found different moderating effects between conscientiousness and self-esteem.And the results were helpful to provide negative feedback effectively in the practice.This study consists of the following six parts.The first part is an introduction of the research background,significance,purpose,framework,method and theoretical contributions.Part two is a literature review,which outlined the definition,operationalizations of constructive criticism versus destructive criticism,as well as its antecedents and outcomes.Part three introduces the theoretical model and hypothesis of this study which based on literature review and theories.Part four is experimental design,I introduced the experimental task and procedures,as well as measures.A laboratory experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis.Part five is data analysis,the reliability and validity of the questionnaires were both OK,and then,I tested the hypothesis through the data analysis of samples from 108 students,the results of hierarchical regression analysis and simple slope test revealed that:(1)The types of criticism influenced perceived work stress,which means participants who received destructive criticism reported higher level of perceived work stress than those who received constructivecriticism.And conscientiousness moderated the relationship of above,such that there was a stronger effect of types of criticism on perceived work stress for low-conscientiousness individuals.(2)The types of criticism influenced self psychological safety,which means participants who received destructive criticism reported lower level of self psychological safety than those who received constructive criticism.And self-esteem moderated the relationship of above,such that there was a stronger effect of types of criticism on self psychological safety for high-self-esteem individuals.Finally,I summarized the conclusions,theoretical contributions and practical indications of this research,moreover,the limitations and future research directions were discussed as well.