Research On Financial Support Of Basic Endowment Insurance For Urban And Rural Residents

With the intensification of population aging in China,the issue of pension has attracted more and more attention.As an important part of China's social security system,the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents plays an important role.However,compared with other social security systems,the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents has a relatively short implementation time and lags behind development.At present,under the condition that the system basically achieves full coverage,whether the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents can develop healthily and continuously is the focus of the government and urban and rural residents in the future.It is of great significance to study the financial support of the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in order to steadily improve the level of pension payment and explore the reasonable demand for future pension.This paper takes the financial support of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou City of Shandong Province as the research object,and optimizes the public financial support of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents.On the basis of consulting literature,on-the-spot investigation and visiting experts,and according to the theories of public goods,public finance and fiscal decentralization,this paper comprehensively uses the methods of system analysis,statistical analysis and econometric analysis to analyze the theoretical basis,relevant situation,existing problems,influencing factors and countermeasures.On the one hand,we have empirically studied the financial support for the basic old-age insurance of urban and rural residents in Dezhou.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In recent years,the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou has been developed rapidly,with the participation rate increasing from 96.8% in 2012 to 98.8%,showing a steady and low-speed growth trend;the amount of pension collection increased from 87.94 million yuan in 2012 to 17.87.22 million yuan in 2017,with an average annual growth rate of 15.93%,and the amount of pension payment increased from 20.93%.The basic pension increased from 55 yuan per person per month in 2012 to 100 yuan per person per month in 2017,which can meet the rigid needs of urban and rural residents gradually.The continuous improvement of the development level of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents has laid a foundation for improving the financial support mechanism.In the aspect of fund operation,although the fund income and accumulated balance keep increasing at a certain speed,the Dezhou Municipal Government can only choose a more conservative way of bank deposit to store the fund.The effect of preserving and increasing the fund value is poor.It is urgent to explore new systems and channels to realize the fund value preservation and appreciation.(2)This paper briefly reviews the financial support of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou in different periods.From the period of "old peasant insurance" to the period of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents,the endowment insurance system has been constantly improved and perfected,and there have been some changes in financial support such as collective subsidy and government subsidy.The central and provincial governments are basically responsible for the subsidy part of the basic pension,and the municipal subsidy is mainly "export subsidy",but the proportion of municipal subsidy in the total subsidy is small,indicating that the financial support of the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents is more dependent on the central,provincial and county subsidy.County-level subsidies need to bear the responsibility of "subsidize imports" and "make up exports".However,the amount of subsidies fluctuated,indicating that the local government's financial support for the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents was greatly affected by the local financial strength.(3)By analyzing the basic situation of the financial support of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou,the following problems are found in the financial support: first,the income and security level of the municipal pension is low,and the recognition of the people's policies is insufficient;second,the overall level of the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents is low,and the fund management is irregular.Fan;the third is the acceleration of population aging process and the increase of life expectancy per capita brought about by financial risks;the fourth is the backward level of economic development in some counties and municipalities,local government financial pressure;the fifth is the financial responsibility of local governments is not clear.(4)Combined with the actual situation of Dezhou City,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the financial support of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou City by using the multiple linear regression model based on time series.The results show that the financial revenue has the greatest impact on the financial support of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou City.The higher the financial revenue,the higher the financial support.Social security and employment expenditure have less impact on the financial support of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou than fiscal revenue;the number of urban population has less impact on the financial support of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou.(5)According to the aforementioned factors,in order to better improve the financial support system of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Dezhou,the following measures should be taken: first,to enhance economic strength and increase local revenue;second,to rationally define the boundary,so that the local financial rights and powers are relatively symmetrical;third,to ensure the basic,optimize the structure of financial expenditure.Fourth,to promote urban-rural co-ordination,balance regional differences;fifth,to improve the level of fund operation,to achieve value-added fund;sixth,to establish a reasonable incentive system to improve the level of payment.