Study On The Impact Of Basic Endowment Insurance For Urban And Rural Residents On Intergenerational Support Of Rural Families

As an important institutional arrangement for the construction of the pension security system in our country,the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents has since its implementation,provided the basic pension security for the rural elderly,improved the quality of pension,promoted the well-being of people’s livelihood,and promoted the transformation of the rural pension from the traditional family-oriented way to the way of socialization.However,it should be noted that previous studies have found that the positive policy effect brought by it is limited,and there are still problems such as insufficient security and limited enthusiasm for insurance participation.Family endowment has long held a basic position in rural endowment in our country.Basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents,as an external policy impact of the family,is bound to affect the intergenerational support behavior within the family,and then affect the policy effects.Therefore,this paper attempts to explore the impact of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents on intergenerational support for rural families from the perspective of family pension,in order to provide some references for further improvement of the policy.This paper first reviews relevant literature at home and abroad on the motivation of intergenerational transfer,the welfare effect of endowment insurance and the influence of endowment insurance on intergenerational support,and determines to study the influence of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents on the two-way time and economic support between elderly parents and children in rural families.Secondly,by virtue of the theory of welfare pluralism and intergenerational transfer motivation,this paper theoretically analyzes the possible influence of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents on intergenerational support for rural families.Finally,based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data(CHARLS),probit and tobit models were used to empirically analyze the impact of insurance participation on intergenerational support of rural families,conduct a robustness test and explore the heterogeneity of the effect among different groups.The pension amount was taken as the key explanatory variable to conduct a supplementary analysis.Through empirical analysis,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of intergenerational support behavior of the children,participating in the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents significantly squeezes out the time support of the children,and at the same time squeezes in the economic support of the children.Compared with the uninsured rural elderly,the insured elderly are less likely to communicate with their children online or offline every week,and at the same time,the amount of economic support they get is increased,which reflects the altruistic motivation and exchange motivation.From the perspective of parental intergenerational support behavior,insured elderly people significantly include parental downward time support,but have no significant impact on economic support.Compared with uninsured elderly people,insured elderly people provide more grandchild care,which is mainly motivated by altruism.(2)The impact of insurance coverage on intergenerational support varies with the recipient’s intergenerational support behavior,work status,residence status,gender of children and region.Participation in insurance significantly squeezes out the time support available to rural elders who do not provide grandchild care,who only have sons,and who have sons and daughters.Participation in the insurance significantly squeezes in the financial support provided to the rural elderly who provide downward support,are still working,do not live with their children,have sons and daughters,and in the eastern region.The coverage significantly squeezes in grandchild care provided by older rural residents who received upward support from their children,were still working,were living with their children and in the eastern region.(3)For the insured elderly,the more pension they receive,the more upward time support and less economic support they receive from their children,and the less downward time support and more economic support they provide to their children.And this effect is only significant in the elderly group whose pension amount is larger than the basic pension.Therefore,in order to further improve the quality of old-age care for the elderly in rural areas,it is necessary to improve the level of basic old-age insurance,promote the development of old-age care services in rural areas,and strengthen the construction of rural culture of respecting the elderly.