Research On Fire Performance Evaluation Technology Of Petrochemical Equipment

The performance-based concept is a more advanced concept of fire protection.Applying the performance-based concept to fire assessment of petrochemical installations has positive significance in enhancing the ability of disaster prevention and risk reduction of petrochemical production,reducing petrochemical production costs,and adapting to petrochemical emerging technologies and equipment.At present,the performance assessment technology of China's petrochemical installations is still in the development stage.The performance evaluation system established in China is mainly applicable to construction fire assessment,and there is no mature performance evaluation system suitable for petrochemical installations.This article refers to the performance-based design and evaluation system of the construction industry,combined with the fire characteristics of petrochemical installations,aims to form a systemic safety assessment technology system for fire disaster of petrochemical installations.The primary research contents are as follows.Firstly,the fire disaster characteristics of petrochemical plants were analyzed.The paper combines the characteristics of petrochemical plants,fire hazard types of petrochemical plants,fire accident statistics of petrochemical plants,and case studies of fire and explosion accidents in petrochemical plants and finally summarizes the characteristics of fire disaster in petrochemical plants.Second,a procedure for performance-based assessment of petrochemical plants is proposed.With reference to the performance standard of fire protection applicable to construction,the process of performance-based fire protection design and evaluation of the building is clearly defined,and the fire performance-based assessment technology system of petrochemical facilities is constructed based on the fire characteristics of petrochemical facilities.Then,the paper combines the accident consequence assessment method and QRA quantitative risk assessment technology to establish a technical process suitable for performance-based evaluation of petrochemical plants.Based on the differences in performance-based evaluation criteria and evaluation methods,two performance evaluation methods have been established:For the performance assessment on the basis of accident consequence criteria,on which the establishment of accident criteria was discussed,and the advantages and disadvantages of methods for evaluating the consequences were analyzed.The paper selected accident consequence evaluation method based on consequence simulation software,analyzed and compared the characteristics of fire accident consequence simulation software FDS and SAFETI,and eventually gave the applicability of software in different petrochemical plants;for the risk assessment techniques based on probabilistic criterion,the paper formulated the personal and social risk acceptance criteria applicable to China's petrochemical facilities,and proposed the calculation methods of equipment failure probability and ignition probability based on empirical methods.Finally,applied research has been conducted on the outdoor production equipment and indoor control devices fire protection performance assessment technology for petrochemical installations:(1)according to the fire performance evaluation procedures of petrochemical installations,and based on quantitative risk assessment and accident consequence assessment respectively,fire performance evaluation was performed on a hydrogen production plant example.On this basis,the SAFETI software was used to simulate the different accident scenarios and accident risks of different fire scenarios in the low-temperature transformation process unit of the hydrogen production unit,and it shows that the results of accident consequences assessment and accident risk assessment were different.;Compared with the performance evaluation results of two different criteria based evaluation methods in the hydrogen production device,it is shown that when the probability of the fire and explosion accidents can be effectively calculated,the fire performance-based assessment technology based on the risk criterion is more accurate than the performance evaluation based on the accident consequence criterion.(2)The evaluation method of accident consequence performance based on FDS simulation was used to evaluate the evacuation safety of the fire after the fire in the central petrochemical central control device.Based on evaluation results,we found that there have some security risks in the layout design of the central control device and the paper,at the same time,put forward the corresponding improvement measures.Through the practical application of the fire performance-based assessment technology in the petrochemical plant,it is verified that the fire performance-based assessment method established in this paper can provide accurate safety assessment and improve measures for the safety objectives of petrochemical plants,which can provide theoretical support for safety operation of petrochemical plants.