Research On Photovoltaic Power Generation And Energy Storage In Small Weather Stations

Against the background of big data,the weather information is particularly important for the development of society,human life is closely related to it.It has great practical significance of develop a small weather station based on independent photovoltaic,in order to solve the problems such as the insufficient capacity and inefficiency in power supply,difficulties in information processing,as well as improving the flexibility and reliability of the system in weather stations.Therefore,by means of using the MPPT control strategy,how to improve the output efficiency of photovoltaic cells,enhance the management level of battery charging and discharge and improve the information processing capacity of the weather station are studied in this paper.This paper mainly studies the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage of small weather stations.The photovoltaic cell maximum power tracking technology and the battery charge-discharge strategy are taken as a research core by this paper,the Simulink simulation models are built to verify the feasibility of the proposed method,and the system's hardware and software designs are done and the physical production is completed.The theoretical research methods are verified by the test results to meet the expected goals.The specific content is as follows.Firstly,the basic principles and mathematical models of photovoltaic battery power generation at meteorological station are studied.The simulation models are established in Simulink to analysis the relations with the output characteristic and temperature of photovoltaic cell.By analysis of the common MPPT algorithm and the actual working characteristics of the system,the improving MPPT control strategy combined Constant Voltage Tracking with Perturbation and Observation method is proposed,and its simulation models are built in Simulink to verify the feasibility of this algorithm.Secondly,the basic principle and third-order dynamic model of the storage battery in the meteorological station are studied.The simulation models are established in Simulink to analysis charge-discharge characteristics of the battery.The common charging methods of the battery are analyzed.According to the actual situation,by added the MPPT charging into the four-stage charging process,the five-stages of charging are proposed.Combination with the improved MPPT algorithm,the simulation modelsare built in Simulink and together debugged to verify the feasibility of the charging method.Finally,design and construction of hardware and software platform of weather station control system based on AVR microcontroller.According to the system's control requirements,design realization program.Hardware:the design of AVR minimum system,Boost-Buck parallel circuit,protection circuit,ZigBee module circuit and load circuit.Software:the design of host computer,MPPT algorithm,battery charge and discharge,weather elements collection and protection program.Through the hardware and software are combined with debugging,the system function test results and experimental data are analyzed.It shows that the expected results have been achieved in this weather station,which the maximum power point of photovoltaic battery can be traced,the battery is charged and discharged intelligently,and the information of the weather station is processed and stored efficiently.