Research On The Influence Of Soil Factors On The Prediction And Analysis Of Chinese Medicinal Material Production Areas

The quality of Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)is closely related to the specific ecological environment.The quality of the specific herbs in different ecological environments is significantly different.Due to the limitation of Daodi product areas,introduction and cultivation are extremely common in the production of the raw materials of Traditional Chinese medicine.The selection of suitable production areas for raw materials is a prerequisite for the production of good quality medicinal materials.Based on the correlation between the distribution of medicinal materials,the content of active ingredients and environmental factors,this study used the CMRPRGIS software platform,combined with the database of prediction spatial analysis for the production regions of TCMs,and established a Chinese herbal medicine production.Based on the regional prediction analysis method,the forensic region of Forsythia suspensa,Panax quinquefolium,and Fritillaria thunbergii were predicted and analyzed,and the range of environmental factors suitable for the growth of three herbs was obtained.At the same time,Fritillaria thunbergii was taken as an example,and cultivation verification was carried out in the predicted suitable production areas.1.Established a spatial database for prediction and analysis of TCM production areasThe CMRPRGIS original database was supplemented and adjusted,and a spatial database for prediction and analysis of TCM production areas was established.In terms of content,43 meteorological factors were reduced to 24 single meteorological factors,and 19 comprehensive meteorological factors were deleted,which reduced the collinearity risk of factors in the analysis process.Three topographic factors and one vegetation cover factor were retained;based on the original seven soil factors,12 soil factors containing spatial information from the Chinese Soil Database and Farmland ecosystem nutrient data were added.Operationally,the data expression specifications and units for meteorological factors,topographic factors,vegetation type factors,and soil factors were unified,interpretation of data content was added,and 12 additional soil spatial data were converted from spherical projections into planar projections.The attribute data in the layer was normalized,and finally a spatial database for predicting and analyzing TCM production areas was formed.Structurally,the database is distributed using a four-tier logic structure,using ArcSED plug-in components linked to Access software,and is compatible with the CMRPRGIS software platform to provide data foundation for suitable Chinese herbal medicine production area prediction.2.Established an analytical method for predicting suitable production areas of Chinese herbal medicinesMaxEnt(Maximum Information Entropy)model was used to predict the geographical distribution of TCMs,and the environmental factors were automatically screened,which avoided the subjectivity of artificial selection of environmental factors.At the same time,according to the prediction results of the model,the environmental factors in the appropriate areas were given.The range of values;according to the correlation between the content of medicinal ingredients and environmental factors,using the optimal scale regression analysis method to establish a regression model between the content of herbal ingredients and environmental factors,using the min-max standardized method to determine the weight of environmental factors to Meet the basic requirements of the coefficients of spatial analysis of the CMRRPGIS software platform.Afterwards,the different environmental factor layers are assigned to the weights obtained,and the spatial superposition analysis is performed to constitute a prediction model for the spatial distribution of the active ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials.The result output uses the natural breakpoint method to reclassify the raster data calculated by the model,avoiding the subjectivity of the human operation part of the appropriate grade division in the TCMGIS software and the CMRPRGIS software.3.Examples of prediction of suitable producing areas after increasing soil factorThe wild varieties of Forsythia suspensa,the cultivated cultivars Panax quinquefolium and the highly authentic cultivar Fritillaria thunbergii were used as the representative herbs to predict the range of suitable production areas and the corresponding administrative area,as well as the appropriate environmental factors.The range of values explored the role of soil factors in the prediction of these three medicinal herbs.The prediction of the spatial distribution of forsythin is superimposed on the prediction process of suitable forsythia production areas.After increasing the soil factor,the contribution rate of the soil factor's environmental factor was 22.6%,the total area of the suitable area was reduced by 10.72%,the area of the secondary suitable area was reduced by 36.34%.The area reduction was mainly affected by the soil type,soil available boron and available molybdenum,etc.With the influence of soil factors,the content of forsythin is mainly affected by temperature and precipitation.In the prediction of the suitable production area of American ginseng,the cumulative contribution rate of soil factor was 50%,the total area of suitable area was reduced by 57%,the area of sub-optimal area was reduced by 61%,and the reduction of area was mainly affected by effective boron in soil and available copper in soil.The effect of soil total potassium and soil available molybdenum.In the prediction of Fritillaria thunbergii,the accumulative contribution rate of soil factor was 31.7%.After the introduction of soil factor,the total area of suitable area decreased by 37.5%,the area of secondary suitable area decreased by 41.3%,and the area reduction was mainly affected by Soil type,soil available copper,soil sediment content,soil clay content.On the whole,the introduction of soil factors enriches the soil data information,corrects the analytical model,removes areas that are not suitable for the soil environment,and narrows the scope of the forecasted production areas;improves the model's constraint ability and provides a more precise range of environmental factors.4.Fritillaria thunbergii predicts suitable cultivation testBy comparing the differences in production and quality of medicinal materials between Jiangshan County and Tao County,in the forecast production area of Fritillaria thunbergii,it was found that the content of Fritillaria and Fritillaria in the forecast production area was significantly higher than that in the Daodi area(P<0.05),but the yield was significantly lower than that in the real estate area(P<0.05).The results of the cultivation experiment verified the prediction of the high effective ingredient production area by the model,and the effect of fertilizer application on the yield prediction was greater.