| This dissertation is designed to discuss the features of meritorious statesmen's portraits during the reign of Emperor Qianlong,the potential extension functions,as well as the issues they reflect,by taking "Emperor Qianlong's Ode to the twenty meritorious statesmen suppressing the Taiwan rebel" as a case study."Ten Great Campaigns" is a series of military campaigns launched by the Emperor Qianlong.Qianlong organizes to make portraits for the statesmen in four of the ten campaigns.On the one hand,Qianlong inherited the tradition of the masterpieces of Han and Tang dynasties,and he successfully combined the concept of "Ziguangge" and"meritorious statesmen's portraits",which frames the understanding and acceptance of "meritorious statesmen's portraits of Ziguangge";On the other hand,as a kind of portrait of the Qing Dynasty,it is in the context of the Qing court sponsorship,showing the characteristics of the Manchu era,interpreting Manchu aristocracy's national recognition under the role of meritorious statesmen.In 1788,the troops of Qing Dynasty led by Fu Kang'an win the war in the campaign of suppressing Lin Shuangwen's rebel in Taiwan,during which period,the "Emperor Qianlong's Ode to the twenty meritorious statesmen suppressing the Taiwan rebel" is also completed.As the portraits of meritorious officials of the second last batches of Qianlong,it has formed a fixed pattern in the form,production and schema.The most valuable thing is that the long scroll is well preserved,providing a complete and powerful evidence for the following discussion.Starting from the detailed description of the uniforms,the static and dynamic image,the proportion of the officials,taking into account the relationship,status and role of Emperor Qianlong's officials in reality("Lin Shuangwen" event).This dissertation aims to explore the relation between civil officials and military officers implied in the painting,as well as Emperor Qianlong's personal governing ideas in terms of both politics and military.Meanwhile,it's noteworthy that,as a scroll in Chun'ouzhai,it shares the same characters and schematics with the vertical scroll hung in Ziguangge.Which leads to the second research question:Due to the differences in terms of the shape of shape,displaying space and viewers between the horizontal and vertical scrolls,the functions are also verified.By taking this as a starting point this dissertation explores the national images the scroll try to convey,domestically and internationally.This dissertation aims to find out the position and significance of meritorious painting,as one of the ten campaigns.Therefore,back to the event itself,why the suppression of Taiwan peasant rebels is regarded as one of the ten campaigns by Emperor Qianlong.Is it related to the geographical position of Taiwan,to express the force of the Qing Dynasty can reach the sea area?This dissertation also aims to discuss if the portraits can be regarded as an evidence of Emperor Qianlong's recognition of the sea area and territory.This thesis argues that the Qianlong Dynasty has its own particularity on the basis of the traditional portraits of meritorious officials.This is not only related to the conception of "meritorious statesmen's portraits of Ziguangge" and the characteristics of Manchu.It also includes the presentation of the national image and the concept of governing the country in the Qing Dynasty.Meanwhile,it includes the re-confirmation of the rationality of the existence of sea area and territory.By taking into consideration of the relations between civil officials and military officers,the sea area and territory,as well as the "Emperor Qianlong's Ode to the twenty meritorious statesmen suppressing the Taiwan rebel" and the event of suppressing Taiwan,this dissertations aims to discuss the significance of meritorious statesmen's portraits under the reign of Emperor Qianlong and the potential extension functions,eventually provides a new perspective for the study of meritorious statesmen's portraits in Qianlong Dynasty. |
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