A Study On The Area Education Of The Qiang Ethnic Group In Qing Dynasty In The Integration Of Nationalities

Qing Dynasty is an important and key period of the multi-culture development in Sichuan Qiang areas as well as the communication and integration between ethnic groups.In this period,the education in school and society reached an unprecedented level in both depth and width in traditional society based on the special factors of Qiang's history and geography,central government's strengthening national sovereignty in minority regions and the frequent and close communication between Qiang.Zang and Han and so on.This thesis is divided into three parts to illustrate the historical development of school and society education in Qiang areas in Qing Dynasty respectively,and analyze the historical influence that multi-cultural education have on Qiang people,Qiang culture and its area development.As for school education,this thesis focuses on reviewing the prefectural and sub prefectural schools,academies,free schools of Qiang in Qing Dynasty,the establish process of school and the talents selection condition in Qiang areas in modern times Besides,the reasons and powers of school education development are analyzed.At last,the development scale of school education in Qiang areas is got from the school size,educational fund and the number of officers and students.As for the social education,some revolutions proposed by local officers in funeral,marriage and folk religion customs are reviewed.Furthermore,the formal education stipulated by Qiang's social conventions' laws and some local laws is analyzed.In addition,some attention is also paid to the educational connotation set up by Dayu ethnic minorities'culture and multi-cultural education generated from ethnical communication in Qing dynasty.In general,the Han-Tibetan culture and some religious culture,such as Buddha and Christ,interchange and interplay,which may be leaded by some national policies,enforced by officers or spread by cultural subjects,such as Han immigrants,Taoist priests,Lamas and churchmen and so on.This thesis tries to reveal Qiang's cultural development and changes for hundreds of years,and analyze Qiang's ethnic identity and cultural pattern,the changes and performance of military location in Qiang areas presented under the influence of the multi-culture,which is started from the development of multi-culture.It is thought that Qiang people basically established the national identity of unifying the dynasty and the identity of national mainstream culture,Han culture,through Qing's government school education and the revolution of Qiang's cultural custom.At the same time,it is the culture continually coming from other ethnic groups that arouses Qiang people's national awareness.And they try to maintain their identity of their ethnical group through a series of methods.Foreign culture has a great influence on Qiang's culture and life so that their culture is constantly enriched,which is highlighted in Qiang's festival,custom and its Shibi culture.Similarly,the multi-culture also shapes the development in Qiang areas.In culture,the introduction of Han-Tibetan culture leads the culture pattern of“Zang in the northwest,Han in the southwest”.In military,the historical shift of Qiang's military location significance is completed,which gradually decreases from east to west.