The Spatial Orientation And Cognitive Permeability In The Virtual Flight Scene

Cognitive penetrability is the influence of background knowledge in the process of cognitive processing.If background knowledge influences the processing when doing cognitive processing,it can be considered that this cognitive processing has cognitive penetrability.As a subject that mostly studied in the field of philosophy,cognitive permeability is less studied in the field of psychology.Various researches show that motion perception also has cognitive permeability.Motion perception refers to the effect of the characteristics of the motion on the human's brain,perceived and recognized by the individual.It is the individual's perception of the object's constant changes and the velocity of changes.It is the result of a variety of sensory coordination activities,such as vision,kinesthesis and balance.As a special psychological cognition process,the result of flight spatial orientation is closely related to flight safety.So,the research of spatial orientation is particularly important.In this study,three experiments were conducted to explore the individuals' spatial orientation ability in different situations,and the cognitive permeability of motion perception by changing the meaning,orientation,and motion patterns of the stimuli.The experiment 1 uses a meaningless circular icon as the stimulus to investigate the ability of the individuals' spatial orientation by manipulating the moving directions and the motion patterns of the stimulus object.Using 2(motion pattern:takeoff,landing)X2(moving direction:from right to left,from left to right)X3(moving position:high,low,middle)experimental design,the variable is the reaction time and the accuracy.The experiment 2 uses the Pacman icon with orientation as the stimulus,the other part of the experiment were same as the experiment 1.The experiment 3 use a vector aircraft icon with orientation and meaning as the stimulus,the other part of the experiment were same as the experiment 1.The experiment 1,the experiment 2 and the experiment 3 have the same results.It is found that when the stimulus did the landing movement,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer than the take-off movement,and the accuracy is significantly lower than the take-off movement.However,there is no significant difference in reaction time and accuracy between subjects in the moving direction.The interaction between motion pattern and moving direction also has no significant influence.The results of the experiment 1 and the experiment 2 showed that,when the stimulus did the landing movement,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer than the take-off movement,and the accuracy is significantly lower than the take-off movement.When the stimulus material has orientation,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer,but there is no significant difference in the accuracy.The interaction between motion pattern and orientation also has no significant influence.The results of the experiment 2 and the experiment 3 showed that,when the stimulus did the landing movement,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer than the take-off movement,and the accuracy is significantly lower than the take-off movement.When the meaningless stimulus material becomes a meaningful stimulus material,the subjects'accuracy is significantly lower,but there is no significant difference in the reaction time.The effect of the interaction between motion pattern and meaning in the reaction time is significant.No matter whether the stimulus is meaningful or not,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer when the stimulus did the landing movement.When the stimulus did the landing movement,the subjects' reaction time is significantly shorter when the stimulus is meaningless.When the stimulus did the take-off movement,there is no significant different in the subjects' reaction time whether the stimulus is meaningful.Combine all the results and discussion of the above experimental research,this study got the following conclusions:(1)When doing the oblique motion,the motion pattern of the stimulus affects the spatial orientation,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer when the stimulus did the landing movement,and the accuracy is significantly lower than the take-off movement.(2)The orientation of the stimulus will affect the subjects' judgment on the stimulus' position.When the stimulus has orientation,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer than the non-orientation stimulus.(3)The meaning of the stimulus will affect the subjects' judgment on the stimulus'position.The meaningful stimulus can significantly reduce the subjects' accuracy,and the analysis of the simple effect of interaction shows that when the stimulus does the landing movement,the subjects' reaction time is significantly longer when the stimulus is meaningful.(4)The object's meaning,orientation and motion patterns has influence the spatial orientation task's reaction time and the accuracy,suggested that motion perception has a certain degree of cognitive permeability.