The Impact Of Environmental Risk Perception On Environmental Behavior In Haze Situations—combined With The Mediating Role Of Expected Emotions

This study uses college students as subjects to exame the effects of environmental risk perception and expected emotions on environmental behavior under hazy conditions.In the first study,we use the environmental risk perception questionnaires and environmental behavior questionnaires applicable to the haze situation to survey college students environmental conditions.A total of 205 valid samples were recovered.Through statistical analysis,we study the current state of the college students environmental risk perception、environmental behavior and the relationship between them.In the second study,we adopted the situational experiment and introduced the expected emotion on the basis of the experiment.Through the E-prime program,we manipulated the high and low level of environmental risk perception’s two dimensions(familiarity,controllable degree to induced different types of environmental risk perception and discusses their influence on environmental behavior.Study 2 adopted a 4(high familiarity and high controllability,high familiarity and low controllability,low familiarity and high controllability,low familiarity and low controllability)*2(positive and negative expected emotions)experimental design.The dependent variables are the total score and factor score of the environmental behavior scale when the subjects under the haze situation.The results of the first study firstly discussed the environmental risk perception characteristics of college students:The average degree of familiarity with smog ranges from high to low,which is the hazard brought by smog,protective measures,formation reasons,impact scope,duration,monitoring and early warning.The average degree of controllability with smog ranges from high to low,which is the monitoring and early warning of haze,the cause of formation of protective measures,the duration,the harm and the scope of influence.Secondly,the characteristics of college students’environmental behaviors show that the scores of participants in different dimensions of environmental behavior from high to low were:ecological management dimension,consumer behavior dimension,both of which were higher than the average scores of the total,but the score of persuasive dimension and the citizen behavior dimension is lower than the average scores of the total.The score in environmental knowledge dimension is also lower.Thirdly,there is a significant correlation between environmental risk perception and environmental behavior and environmental risk perception has a certain predictive effect on environmental behavior.Finally,we use the average environmental risk perception of all subjects as the origin,divided subjects into four groups for single factor variance analysis.The score of four dimensions in environmental behavior from high to low were:high-low group,low-high group,high-low group and low-low group.The results of the second study show that:(1)The main effects of environmental risk perception and expected emotions are not significant,and the interaction between environmental risk perception and expected emotion is marginal.Because the average of the two dimensions of the expected emotions of the participants is quite different,we use the simple effect analysis,found that the negative expectation emotion was significantly different at different levels of environmental risk perception.(F=2.82,p<.05,η2=.016).From the interaction map,the environmental behavior scores range from high to low followed by low-high group,high-low group,low-low group and high-high group.After that,we simultaneously put the environmental risk perception,expected emotion into the regression equation of environmental behavior.The correlation between environmental risk perception and environmental behavior weakens or disappears.Intermediary analysis the positive expected emotions,negative expected emotions,familiarity,controllability,and environmental behaviors,we found that negative predictive emotions played a partial intermediary role in controlling the impact of environmental risk perception on environmental behavior.Research conclusions:(1)The familiarity and controllability of an individual’s environmental risk perception can significantly predict their environmental behavior;the higher the familiarity with smog,the more willing to practice environmental behavior,the higher the controllability,the more willing to work hard to protect the environment.(2)Environmental risk perception and expected emotions affect the individual’s environmental behaviors jointly.Among them,the negative expectation emotions have significant differences in different environmental risk perception levels.Subjects in low familiarity-high controllability group appeared more environmental behaviors to avoid haze in the future.Participants in the high familiarity-high control group showed lower environmental behavior,while the impact of positive expected mood on environmental behavior to avoid haze.(3)The perception of environmental risk will cause the individual to produce positive or negative expectations,and the negative expected emotion will induce the individual pay out more environmental behavior.The negative expected mood plays a partial intermediary role in the relationship between the controllability of environmental risk perception and environmental behavior.