Research On The Increase Of Grain Production In Shaanxi During The Anti-Japanese War

Shaanxi is located at the frontier of the northwest.In the northwestern provinces,its agricultural environment is superior to other provinces,and its grain production is considerable.The severe drought in Shaanxi in 1929-1931 caused heavy grain losses,which caused the provincial government and people from all walks of life to pay attention to grain production.There was a certain amount of construction and research on water conservancy and grain varieties.Before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,the grain crops and yields basically recovered.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,with the successive collapse of economically developed eastern regions,most of the grain-producing provinces were occupied by Japan,and coastal traffic was blocked and foreign input channels were cut off.Under this circumstance,the provinces behind have assumed the responsibility of producing grain,including Shaanxi.In the early days of the war of resistance,the country 's grain could basically satisfy the consumption of the people and the military.However,by 1940,there was a serious imbalance between the two.In order to continue the war of resistance and provide relief to the people,the Nationalist government began to launch food production in the rear provinces in 1941.The spread of the war,many refugees fled to Shaanxi,this makes the population of Shaanxi,and Shaanxi in the front line,need to provide enough food for the front army,which makes the grain production and consumption of Shaanxi out of balance.In 1941,Shaanxi complied with the orders of the National Government to begin processing of grain production.The increase in grain production in Shaanxi province began in 1941,when the construction department of Shaanxi province urged the provincial agricultural improvement institute and the county governments to handle it.In 1942,after the founding of the Grain Production Increase Supervision Group,it was mainly promoted.In 1945,the Grain Production Increase Supervision Group of Shaanxi was abolished,and then transferred to handle the agricultural reform.Although the Grain Production Increase Supervision Group of Shaanxi has only existed for three years,it is the main body responsible for the grain production increase in Shaanxi.Therefore,the content of this article is mainly centered on the Grain Production Increase Supervision Group of Shaanxi.The grain approach can be divided into three categories.First,to increase the food planting area,including the promotion and use of vacant land,ploughing summer fallow,reducing non crop utilization and reclamation of wasteland necessary.Second,improve the yield per unit area,including the promotion of good varieties and promotion of fertilizers and pest control.Third,on the other hand,including small the scale of well irrigation and increase the animal husbandry and veterinary.Through various measures,Shaanxi has achieved good results in grain production,but its increase in production mainly depends on the increase in grain planting area,and the unit area output has not undergone much change.Compared with grain production,food is still available,and although grain production is increasing,it still cannot meet consumer demand.In addition,the production increase process is not smooth,and there are also some difficulties,such as shortage of funds,shortage of talents,and shallow peasant knowledge.All of these restrict Shaanxi grain production to a certain extent.