Research On The Grain Production Of National Government During The Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War

Foodstuffs is a big deal of the "national economy and people’s livelihood" since a very long time, Especially in such a particular period of the Anti-Japanese War. Food issues not only affects the military and civilian livelihood, but also played a considerable influence in the war, it is the most important resource of national defense and the livelihood of the people.The changes of the National Government agricultural development condition during the Comprehensive Anti- Japanese War, can be described like this from the overall: from 1937 to 1938, it keep steady development but still maintain in the original level; From 1939 to 1941, a severe food crisis appeared in the KMT-controlled area, food production seriously reduced and food prices maintain in a high level; From 1942 to 1945, as a result of the national government regulation, food production situation tend to get better, seems to be increasing, but the development is unstable.For the current situation of food production, the national government promulgated a series of policies and measures to increase food production to maintain the stability of grain markets. First, they adjust the agricultural policy during the war,and determine the "founding by agriculture" as the basic policy, set up the central agricultural improvement organization, Promote the provincial, city and the following agricultural extension organization, They also carry out the policy of land tax grain levies at the very moment of food crisis to save the tense food market. Second, in order to increase the food production, they carried out a series of measures to achieve it,which makes the KMT-controlled area have a impressive food production. In a word, The food production in the National Government during the Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War made a prominent contribution for the victory of this War, The achievement guaranteed the munitions supplies, meanwhile, agricultural production technology also improved to a different level, It laid a certain foundation for the realization of agricultural modernization in our country. But while the national government have the achievement, in the process of food production, some policies and measures still have deficiencies, "a small leak will sink a great ship" sometimes a small error accumulated through the accumulation of quantitative change will be thereversal of cause, this is what we need to take for warning in the food production work.