| Risk taking refers to the behavior of individuals in a certain degree to balance a potential negative result through perceived positive results(or benefits).Previous studies have found that emotions can influence individual's risk taking,but the results are inconsistence.A few studies have demonstrated that positive emotions promote individual's risk taking,but there are also studies suggest that negative emotions can promote individual risk-taking.Considering that the emotional induction task may affect risk behavior,so the present study attempts to use the setback task induces individuals'negative emotions,and let participants get the success experience to induce their positive emotions to explore the effects of positive and negative emotions on risk behavior.In addition,some evidence have found that inhibitory control may also affect adolescent risk-taking behaviors.Inhibitory control is the core component of executive function,which is the ability to suppress the dominant reaction or habit behavior.The higher the individual's inhibitory control,the lower the individual's risk behavior.Also,studies have found that emotions can affect individual's inhibitory control,therefore our research attempts to investigate whether emotions influence risk taking by inhibitory control effects,that is to say whether the inhibitory control mediate the relationship between positive(negative)emotions and risk-taking behaviors.Temperament is an individual difference in response and self-regulation in the field of affect,activity and attention.These differences are mainly inherited and influenced by social culture and environment.Based on the affect dimension of temperament,temperament can be divided into negative affect and extraversion.Individuals with high negative affect have negative emotion susceptibility and are more prone to sadness,anger and frustration.Individuals who are high extraversion are more likly to seek out new stimulition,challenges and so on.Previous studies have found that negative affect and extraversion are associated with individual's risk-taking behaviors,and high negative affect individuals show more externalizing behavior problems.High extraversion individuals exhibited heavy alcohol dependence and smoking behavior.Therefore,we further explores whether temperament(extraversion and negative affect)moderated the relationship between emotions(positive emotion and negative emotion)and risk-taking behaviors mediated by inhibitory control.This study consisted of two parts:study 1 investigted positive and negative emotions influence of risk-taking behaviors across adolescents.there were 312 junior middle students selected as subjects,using the induced task of positive emotion and negative emotion to induce the emotions of individuals.Then,using the Emotion rating scale and the Balloon Analogue Risk-taking task to evalute the risk taking behaviors under the positive and negative emotion state.Study 2 selected another 732 junior middle school students as subjects,to explore the inhibitory control mediate the relationship between emotions and risk taking behaviors and the moderator of temperament.Using the same emotions evoked task,Emotion rating scale and the the Balloon Analogue Risk-taking task as syudy 1 used.In addition,using the GO/NOGO task,and early adolescent temperament scale to test inhibitory control and temperament(extraversion and negative emotion).Results showed that:(1)Different valence emotions affect individual risk-taking behaviors.Negative emotion can promote individual risk-taking behaviors,but positive emotion can reduce individual risk-taking behaviors.(2)Inhibitory control mediate the relationship between emotions and risk taking behaviors.Specifically,negative emotion reduce the ability of individual's inhibitory control,and therefore incerease individual participation in risky behaviors.positive emotion enhance the ability of individual's inhibitory control,and therefore decerease individual's risk behaviors.(3)The effect of negative emotion on risk taking behaviors through inhibitory control was moderated by extroversion and negative affect.Specifically,the effect of negative emotion on risk-taking behaviors was moderated by negative affect,and the effect of inhibitory control on risk-taking behaviors was moderated by extroversion.But the effect of negative emotion on risk taking behaviors through inhibitory control was not moderated by extroversion and negative affect. |
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