Charity And Rights In Extreme Conditions

The vitality of Marx's philosophy lies in its critical and practical nature.The moral theory is not a dogma nor an empty sermon.It can not leave the specific interest relationship to abstract the question of moral and moral choice.It should adhere to the sociality,historicity and class nature of morality,and adhere to the concrete analysis method of concrete problems.Taking Hardin's "lifeboat theory" as an example,this paper rethinks the inner tension and the possibility of balance between virtue theory and justice theory in the choice of moral behavior under extreme conditions.The research starts from two angles:benevolence and rights.On the basis of pointing out the obvious defects of Hardin's "lifeboat theory",the choice of circumstances through the introduction of moral behavior reveals that different circumstances have different choices of moral behavior.The choice of moral behavior is not the only way and the result,which indicates that in the different circumstances of choice of moral behavior,there is a limit of benevolence and rights.On the premise of the above theory,from the perspective of benevolence,this paper concretely discusses the universality of benevolence,the hierarchy of benevolence and the possibility of unity of love and self love.It is intended to clarify that benevolence should have its own limits as a virtue,and its own intrinsic quality,not blindly,and should not.Being abused or "overconsumed".On the other hand,benevolence does not deny self love.A person who really knows love will be the kind of person who is in self love and does not forget love.From the right point of view,on the premise of safeguarding the right of personal rights,the right and moral circumstances are combined to analyze the maintenance and limitation of rights under different moral circumstances.It is intended to clarify whether there is a reasonable reason for others or society to force a person to be another(or some)in the general sense.To make significant sacrifices and even fundamental sacrifices and to take into account the interests of others while maintaining their own fundamental interests or interests is a matter of consideration and solution needed from the point of view of rights.In the end of the article,we further deepen the problem,explore the conflict between benevolence and rights in extreme state,and dialectically look at the conflict between benevolence and right under extreme state,and grasp the possibility of unity in the opposition.In the extreme state of the threat of life,the premise and standardization of the use of emergency asylum is clarified,which means that the use of the right of emergency asylum has its own inherent regulations and limits.In order to further clarify the problems to be explained,this article is about the choice of people's behavior in the "Titanic" sunken event,and leads to the theoretical difference and the possibility of unity in practice.It shows that there is a conflict between benevolence and rights in extreme state,and this conflict is the fundamental interest.A sharp conflict between the two.In Hardin's "lifeboat" scenario,we may be doomed to face tragic events.On this basis,it explains and standardizing the behavior choice of the moral subject in extreme state from the norms of law and moral.