The Theory Of Libertarianism By Nozick And Its Defects

This paper focuses on Nozick's libertarianism.The tradition of freedom doctrine emphasizes the centrality of the individual.The state is considered to be in conflict with the rights of the individual.Therefore,restricting the power of the state is the tradition of liberalism.The ultra-liberals represented by Nozick are even more radical,believing that individual rights are paramount and that individuals have priority over states and societies.Based on this view,they believe that the minimal state is the best political form,and the state retain the minimum power.So,when it comes to specific policies,they oppose state participation in redistribution,which they see as a violation of individual rights.Libertarianism has encountered many problems in modern times.they blindly emphasizes the centrality of individuals,leading to the separation of individuals from the world and the atomization of the relationship between people.In addition,due to their excessive praise for the liberal ideas,the liberal ideas gradually become dogmas,so they cannot get along with other values,which is in conflict with the value pluralism ?The theory of minimal state,espoused by libertarianism,is also in trouble.The theory of minimal state implies that society can function well by the voluntary actions of each individual.However,there is no way to deal with the problem of behavioral externality,which can only be solved by the government.In addition,Everyone would rather stay in their own little space than get involved in political life.In addition to the above two points,the minimal state theory also faces the problem of the privileges of certain groups.it is highly likely that this public power will fall into the hands of certain individuals or groups,which cannot ensure that they will not abuse their power.Nozick's theory of distribution is most criticized for its lack of concern about equality.Nozick argues that countries cannot address inequality through redistributive policies because they violate individual rights.However,Dworkin believes that the state can implement redistribution policy without infringing on individual rights,which provides a way to solve the problem of inequality.In real political life,libertarianism causes many problems.As it turns out,if a country adopts the doctrine of extreme liberalism,it is likely to cause great disaster.The state is indispensable in the whole process of social development.The state should not only have the highest good purpose,but also actively participate in the activities of social organizations to solve the real problems including inequality.But it also requires a balance between the power of the state and the rights of the individual,which,while taking an active part in social life,should also leave a free space for the individual.