Explanation Of Verbs In The Bamboo Slips Of The Warring States Period In Tsinghua University (3)

“Tsinghua University Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period(3)" is an important document for recording the middle and late Warring States Period.It includes six documents,namely "Yue Ming" three articles,"Zhou Gong's QinWu","Rui Liangfu Bi","Liangchen","Zhu Ci" and "ChiGu zhiJiTangzhiWu".Some can be found in handed-down documents,others are leisurely articles.Therefore,the interpretation of Tsinghua bamboo slips can not only correct and supplement the existing literature,but also is of great significance to the study of language and writing.In this paper,the verbs in Tsinghua University Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period(3)are sorted out in an exhaustive way,based on the prefix of the Character Edition of Tsinghua University Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period(1-3),edited by Li Xueqin.On the basis of synthesizing the views of scholars,this paper analyses the meaning of the word in the brief text,and then sums up the meanings of the word.In the analysis of meanings,besides using simple dictionary as the original evidence,we should try our best to cite the literature evidence to avoid subjective speculation.The main body of the paper is divided into four parts: the first part is an introduction,including the reasons for selecting the title,the general situation of research on verbs in Tsinghua bamboo slips(3)and unearthed documents,as well as the research methods and corpus description;the second part describes the classification of verbs,first gives a general overview of the classification of ancient Chinese verbs,and then introduces in detail the classification of verbs involved in Tsinghua bamboo slips(3);The third part is the main part of this paper,that is,verb explanations.The first part is the analysis of simplified characters and Li Ding characters,and then the explanation of Shuo Wen is cited.Then the meaning items covered by Shuo Wen are compared with those covered by the Dictionary of Common Chinese Characters in Ancient China.Finally,the author summarizes and analyses the meaning of the words by collecting various viewpoints.The fourth part is a summary of the verb characteristics of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips(3)and its new meanings.There are 244 verbs in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips(3).At first,they are roughly divided into two parts: the vocative verb(3)and the basic verb(241).Among them,basic verbs are mainly divided into special verbs(16)and common verbs(225)according to their meaning and grammatical functions.Ordinary verbs can be divided into body action verbs(78),social action verbs(130)and natural environment change verbs(4)according to their semantics.Among them,body action verbs are divided into four sub-categories: hand action(16),foot action(4),facial action(26),anpsychological activity(32).Social behavior verbs include political and religious behavior(63),interpersonal communication(22),war felling(15),agricultural production and construction(3),religious sacrifice(3),life and entertainment(13),transportation and travel(11).Words that cannot be categorized into the above verb categories,which are highly controversial in part of speech,or which have difficulty in identifying abbreviated texts,are categorized into other verbs(13)."Tsinghua bamboo slips(3)" is mainly composed of ordinary verbs with rich meanings and all-inclusive.However,verbs such as speech,psychology,politics and religion are the main types of verbs,which show the characteristics of the simplification of the people's lives in the pre-Qin Dynasty and the strictness of the political system at that time.At the same time,the literature did not see the supplement of word meaning,which enriched the history of pre-Qin dictionary and provided a broader perspective.