The Preparation And Application Of The Questionnaire On The Way Of Intermediary Activities Of Parents

Before entering school,children have gained abundant life experience from adults,which has an important impact on children’s cognitive development.Reuven Feuerstein,an Israeli psychologist,believes that children do not face the environment directly,and that the influence of the environment on children is mediated by adults.Children gain rich intermediary experience in their interaction with adults,which promotes the development of children’s cognitive aspects.So,what is the experience of intermediary provided by parents to children? In this study,first of all,we need to compile a questionnaire to survey parents’ intermediary experience,and to investigate the status of parents’ intermediary activities.How does parental intermediary experience affect children’s cognitive development? This paper chooses the concept of number as the specific content of cognitive development,and investigates the research of intermediary experience.Intermediary experience is an important external factor,but there are also internal factors affecting children’s cognitive development.Piaget believes that the formation of children’s concept of number is marked by the arrival of conservation of number.To achieve conservation,children often need to restrain perceptual shock,and restrain unrelated stimuli need to occupy working memory capacity.Therefore,this paper will test children’s inhibition control and working memory,and use the questionnaire "Parents’ Intermediary Activities" to test children’s parents’ intermediary activities,to study the impact of the three on the development of children’s number concept.This paper includes three empirical studies:The first study compiled a questionnaire on parental intermediary activities,and tested the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.The results showed that:1 There are 25 items in the Parent Intermediary Activity Style Questionnaire,which consists of six dimensions: companionship,activity,exploration and guidance,response,parental authority and competency training.2 The Questionnaire of Parent Intermediary Activities developed in this study has good reliability and validity.The second study used the formal version of Parent Intermediary Activities Questionnaire to survey the parents of children.The results showed that:1 The overall situation of parental intermediary activities is more positive,higherthan the theoretical average score.2 There are significant differences in the way of intermediary activities in children’s gender and parents ’educational background: girls’ parents have higher authority than boys’ parents;parents with university or higher educational background have significantly higher scores in the total score of intermediary activities and various dimensions than parents with other educational backgrounds.3 There is no significant difference in the way of intermediary activities in children’s age and family economic status.The third study investigated 50 parents with the questionnaire of "Parent Intermediary Activities".Eight pairs of black-and-white Go tasks were used to investigate the development of number concepts of children.The inhibition control ability was tested with the self-programming of E-prime software "Color Judgment Task",and the working memory span was measured with the adapted Wechsler reciprocal task.The results show that:1 The conceptual development of the number of children aged 5-6 years is mainly that the conservation is not formed and the conservation is in the intermediate state.Conservation accounts for one third of the total number of children.2 There is a significant correlation between the development of children’s number concept and parents’ mediating activities,children’s inhibition and control ability,and working memory span.The development of children’s number concept can be predicted positively by parents’ mediating activities,children’s inhibition and control ability and working memory span.