The Time Effect Of False Memory Under The Condition Of Image Coding

False memory refers to the memory phenomenon that people mistakenly recall events that have never happened or distort the actual events.Due to the destructiveness of false memory in some special fields,the suppression of false memory has always been a hot issue in the research of false memory.A large number of studies have shown that false memory can only be reduced but not be eliminated,and usually show the opposite trend of forgetting with true memory.In recent years,researchers have started to pay attention to the effect of mental imagery on false memory.Mental imagery is a representation that formed in the brain based on perception or schema.Imagery can promote learning and memory,but it can also lead to memory confusion.At present,there are few studies on the effect of mental imagery on false memory and its psychological mechanism in the DRM paradigm at home and abroad.On the basis of previous studies,this study aims to explore the effects of imagery encoding on associative false memory and source misattributions and forgetting law.Experiment 1 mainly explored the effect of imagery encoding on associative false memory and its forgetting rules.The experiment included three conditions(imagery encoding,picture encoding,pleasantness judgement)that all have semantic processing to words,the differences of false memory between imagery encoding and picture encoding,imagery encoding and non-distinctiveness encoding were compared,and the false memory effects of immediate test and two-day delay test were compared.The results showed that the true memory of the three conditions decreases significantly with the retention interval between learning and testing,but the imagery encoding and picture encoding decreased more slowly.The variation trend of false memory in the time factor was different from true memory.In immediate test,false memory of imagery encoding condition and picture encoding condition was significantly lower than pleasantness judgment condition;in two-day delay test,although the false memory of all three conditions increased,false memory of picture encoding condition was still significantly lower than false memory of pleasantness judgment condition,showing imagery encoding superiority in the reduction of false memory.The confidence score indicated that the distinctive encoding increases people's confidence in themselves judgment.In experiment 2,imagery encoding and picture encoding were used as within-group variables,the effects of imagery encoding and picture encoding on false memory of source misattributions and their time effects were explored.The similarity between imagery encoding and picture encoding in memory characteristics may cause false source memory,but the unique source information of imagery encoding and picture encoding may also help participants make correct source judgment.The results showed that in the DRM paradigm,mental imagery did not lead to source false memory,that is,it was not found that the participants were more likely to judge the items with imagery encoding as items that have seen pictures or the opposite bias,the source misattributions of critical lures tended to be random,and the time variable did not influence the bias of source misattributions.However,the recognition rate and reaction time of imagery-encoded items were lower and slower than that of picture-encoded items,indicating that imagery-encoded items were more difficult to retrieval.The above results indicated that in the DRM paradigm,both immediate and delayed tests,imagery encoding can reduce associative false memory well.Similarity between image and picture did not lead to the bias of source-monitoring errors of learning items or critical lures,and this bias was not affected by time factors,but items encoded by imagery were more difficult to retrieval in the framework of source monitoring.