| Academy is a special form of education in ancient Chinese society.From the Tang Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties,the emergence and development of the academy will be influenced by various aspects of the national society,at the same time,it has had a different degree of influence on the social life of the country.Especially in the Ming Dynasty,when the traditional imperial society developed to a critical period,the centralization of authoritarianism was strengthened to its peak.As a traditional academic exchange,a collection of books was engraved,a place for worship to the sages,and a relatively free learning atmosphere.It was not taken seriously by the rulers in the early Ming Dynasty,and the corresponding official school,which represented the ideology of the ruling class,was strongly advocated by the rulers.In the Ming Dynasty Since then,due to the change of social situation and other reasons,the college education has been revered again and developed.Many academies have been built all over the country,and the teaching activities of the academies have also become more and more popular.But at the same time,the development of the academy is also full of twists and turns,and the ruling class has carried on several blows to it.Although the development of the academy has been affected to a certain extent,under the insistence of some people of insight,it is still tenaciously continuing to develop forward.Until the end of the Ming Dynasty.Kaifeng District,as the provincial capital of Henan Province in Ming Dynasty,is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains.It has great advantages in politics,economy,culture and so on.Therefore,Kaifeng House and the states and counties under its jurisdiction were in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the number of academies built in Kaifengfu area was at the forefront in the whole Henan region and even in most areas in the north,which played an important role in the process of rejuvenation of the national academy of academies in the period of the end of the Ming Dynasty.There were also some famous academies,which had a great influence at that time.The evolution of academies in Kaifeng area of Ming Dynasty was also a microcosm of the evolution of national academies at thattime.It was greatly influenced by the national environment,and at the same time was influenced by local society,and gradually revived.In the end,with the demise of the Ming Dynasty,it went into decline.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the revival of the academy in Kaifeng Fu area was similar to that of Kaifeng Fu area Book in the Qing Dynasty after the Qing Dynasty.Many academies in Kaifeng area of Qing Dynasty were built on the basis of academies in Ming Dynasty.This text is divided into three chapters,the first chapter mainly examines the development track of Kaifeng Academy in the early Ming Dynasty,the official studies flourished in the early Ming Dynasty,while the Academy was in decline.However,due to the increasingly serious corruption in the imperial examination,the society became increasingly academic,at this time some people of insight began to recognize the role of the academy and to host the construction of the academy at the local level,which gradually revived the academy after the middle of the Ming Dynasty.The reasons behind its revival are divided into political factors,social factors and the promotion of gentry class.Then it discusses the location,naming,quantity and other basic conditions of Kaifeng Academy in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.The second chapter is the perspective of Kaifeng Academy in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.Through examining the construction process,the source of funds,the management and the teaching situation,and through the analysis of individual cases,the author discusses the composition and selection of the personnel of the Academy.The admissions and teaching methods of the students.The third chapter makes some comments on the development of Kaifeng Academy in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. |
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