| The Callous-unemotional trait is an early marker of the Conduct Disorder.Individuals with the trait will exhibit verbal aggression(such as abuse,ridicule)and physical aggression(such as fighting,group aggression),and these behaviors are both significantly aggressive and violent(Frick & White,2008).Developing with the increasing of the age,the CU trait who were genetic from the parents will be much worse.Their deficits of emotion,behaviors,cognitive gradually worsen,until children of CU trait being more severe,stable and aggressive antisocial personality.When they become adulthood,they will develop into psychopathic offenders(Scheepers,Buitelar,& Matthys,2011).Expect the influence of genetic,the environment influences are also included.The parental rearing style is one of important factors influencing children’s CU traits.Children will get higher scores of CU traits,because their parents have negative influences on their children.In the contrast,Children will get lower scores of CU traits,if parents’ cares for them with positive ways(Pardini,Lochman,& Powell,2007;Fontaine,McCrory,Boivin,Moffitt,& Viding,2011).At the same time,the influences of parents on their children will be different,due to their own physiological factors.Therefore,this study attempts to explore the relationship between the parental rearing style and the CU trait,and to find the influence of automatic nervous system on the relationship between them.A total 150 children from 2 to 6 grades in a primary school in Foshan.Among them,there were 70 boys(46.67%)and 80 girls(53.33%);35 students(23.33%)in grade 2,26 students(17.33%)in grade 3,29 students(19.33%)in grade 4,39 students(26.00%)in grade 5,21 students(14.00%)in grade 6.All the same,the students’ parents were selected as the subjects of this study.841 mothers filled in Shortened Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits(SF-ICU)to measure the CU trait of their children.Through the SF-ICU questionnaire,156 mothers were selected to filled in The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire(PSDQ)to measure the mothers’ authoritative and authoritarian style of parenting.The “Social stressor task” is performed to collect the children’s skin conductance(SC),heart rate variability(HRV)and heart rate(HR)data during the resting and mission period,the arousal of sympathetic nervous system and vagal suppression is obtained through transformation.Conclusion can be made as follows:(1)The mothers’ rearing style could affect the Children’s CU trait.The authoritative parenting style negatively predicted Children’s CU trait;The authoritarian parenting style positively predicted Children’s CU trait.(2)There were significant differences in physiological function of the automatic nervoussystem between the two groups.Compared with low CU trait group,the high CU trait group showed a lower baseline skin conductance level(SCL)and HR,and showed higher HRV during the rest time.In the task time,the high CU trait group also showed a lower change of skin conductance level and HRV.In the task time,sympathetic nervous system moderated the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait.(3)The parasympathetic nervous system mediated the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait.That was the authoritative parenting style not only could directly and negatively predict children’s CU trait,but also could indirectly inhibited the CU trait through HRV during the rest time.(4)In the task time,the authoritative parenting indirectly inhibited the CU trait through the withdrawal of vagus nerve.(5)The resting heart rates mediated the he relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait.In a summary,the sympathetic nervous system arousal moderated the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait;the parasympathetic nervous system mediated the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait;The resting heart rates mediated the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and the CU trait. |
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