"Nineteen Ancient Poems" Research On The History Of Criticism In Qing Dynasty

"Nineteen Ancient Poems" enjoys a high reputation in the history of ancient Chinese poetry and is the first peak of Chinese five-character poems of literati.Scholars in past dynasties have made numerous studies on its criticism and come to the peak in the Qing Dynasty.Independent from Wen Xuan(the selected works),it has become a school of its own.At present,the academic circles have obtained abundant research results in the criticism of "Nineteen Ancient Poems" before the Qing Dynasty.However,the contents of the criticism in the Qing Dynasty are still insufficient,especially there is no systematic study on the history of criticism in the Qing Dynasty.This article will draw lessons from western reception aesthetics research methods,and mainly study the Critical works on "Nineteen Ancient Poems" of the leading literati in Qing Dynasty.The study analyzes their criticism,and combs the history of criticism of "Nineteen Ancient Poems" in Qing Dynasty in order to make a deeper understanding of the development of criticism on "Nineteen Ancient Poems" in the Qing Dynasty and finally reveal its general picture,characteristics,and the causes for becoming a significant subject to make up for the deficiency of previous study.This paper consists of five parts,each part is relatively independent,but also related to each other,and all parts constitute the organic whole of the full text.The first part briefly describes the representative criticism of the Nineteen Ancient Poems by the literati before Qing Dynasty,and tries to find out a rough venation.It lays a foundation on the following study on the critical history of Nineteen Ancient Poems in Qing Dynasty.In the second part,Gu Yanwu,Wu Qi and Wang Fuzhi are selected to analyze the criticism of the representative literati on Nineteen Ancient Poems in the early Qing Dynasty.The criticism in this period showed the tendency of repairing and correcting the radical criticism of predecessors.The study of Nineteen Ancient Poems completed the first step of becoming prominent in the Qing Dynasty.In the third part,Wang Shizhen,Zhang Geng and Shen Deqian are selected to analyze the criticism of "Nineteen Ancient Poems" by the representative literati in the early and medium Qing Dynasty.This period of criticism is a deepening and summarizing phase.In the fourth part,Fang Dongshu and Liu Xizai are selected to analyze the criticism of the representative literati on Nineteen Ancient Poems in the late Qing Dynasty.The criticism in this period gradually moves towards opening up from summarizing and becomes more comprehensive and dialectical.The fifth part reveals the reasons why Nineteen Ancient Poems became prominent in Qing Dynasty,and summarizes the characteristics of the history of criticism on Nineteen Ancient Poems in Qing Dynasty.