A Study On The Generalized Predicate-object Structure Of "The Analects"

The Analects of Confucius is one of the important literary classics in Chinese history,it is a highly spoken style work of quotation.This paper takes the generalized predicate-object structure as the research object,and analyzing the predicate-object structure of The Analects of Confucius from the perspective of grammar,semantics and pragmatics.The full text consists of an introduction,the first to the eighth chapters,and the conclusion.The introduction part mainly introduces the research status of The Analects,explains the significance of the topic and research methods in this paper.The concluding part is a general summary of the predicate-object structure of The Analects of Confucius.The first to the eighth Chapters are the main parts of the article,from the first chapter to the seventh chapter are based on the generalized predicate-object structure,making a detailed analysis of the seven types contained in predicate-object structure of Confucius.As described next.The first chapter is the study of the pivotal sentence of Confucius.According to the semantics of the central verb or the form of the sentence,we divide it into five categories:imperative pivotal sentences,existential pivotal sentences,"yiwei/yi......wei" types pivotal sentences,appellation pivotal sentences,a general verb-directed pivotal sentences;and briefly discusses the use of the pivotal sentences of Confucius in modern Chinese.The second chapter is the study of the sentence with verbal structure in series of Confucius.This chapter mainly analyzes this structure from the perspective of formal features and semantic relations.From the aspect of formal features,we divide it into two categories:the linking structure with conjunctions and the linking structure without conjunctions;from the perspective of semantic relations,there are two kinds of semantic relations:the simple time-order relation and the time-order relation are supplemented by other semantic relations.The third chapter is the research on this Sentences,which consists of several verbs,and the actions represented by these verbs occur simultaneously.From the aspect of formal features,it can divided into two categories:this constructions with conjunctions and without conjunctions;from the perspective of semantic relations,there are two kinds of semantic relations:The simple time simultaneous relation and the time simultaneous relation are supplemented by other semantic relations.The fourth chapter is a study of the subject-predicate as object sentences of Confucius.According to the semantics of the central verb,we divide it into five categories:psychological activities,perceptual activities,speech,comparison and general action behavior;and briefly discusses the use of the subject-predicate as object sentences of Confucius in modern Chinese.The fifth chapter is the study of double object sentences of Confucius.According to the semantics of the central verb or the form of the sentence,we divide it intofive categories:giving classes,capturing classes,teaching classes,appelling classes,and "wei"classes;and briefly discusses the use of double object sentences of Confucius in modern Chinese.The sixth chapter is the study of the prepositional objective sentences of Confucius.It mainly introduces the types of prepositional objective sentences:the pronoun object prepositional in negative sentences,the interrogative pronoun object prepositional in interrogative sentences,the object prepositional in "zhi" and "shi" compound reference,the prepositional object prepositional;and briefly discusses the "he yi......wei" sentences of Confucius.The seventh chapter is analysis of the "predicate preposition object" structure in Confucius.According to the position of the prep-object phrase,we analyze the structure of "predicate+preposition+object" and "preposition+object+predicate".The prepositions in the former structure are "yu,yu,yi,hu" and the sound compound words "zhu,yan".The prepositions in the latter structure are "zi,yu,zai,wei,yu,yi".The eighth chapters is the analysis of the emergence or omission of prepositions before and after predicate in Confucius.This paper classifies and describes the usage of prepositions before and after predicate in it,and probes into its causes.