A Comparative Study Of The Words And Phrases In The Bamboo Slips Of Three Eastern Han Documents Unearthed In Changsha

Three kinds of Eastern Han wooden slips unearthed in Changsha refer to wooden slips at Dong-pai-low(?????),wooden slips at Wuyi Square(??????)and wooden slips at Shang-de ?????).They came from the same land area,similar content and continued in time.They are the representative corpus of Eastern Han Dynasty wooden slips.From the perspective of lexicology,this paper makes a systematic study of these words and phrases in order to get a comprehensive understanding these words and phrases of wooden slips in Eastern Han Dynasty Documents,meanwhile propose and explain some linguistic phenomena worthy of attentionThe full text is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is an introduction.Including material characteristics and research significance;materials unearthed and collated overview;the definition of the object of study and the principles and steps of word cutting;The Current Situation of the Research on wooden Slips Words and phrases in Documents at Chinese and foreign;research methods;research difficulties.Chapter II,C hapter III and C hapter IV respectively study the Eastern Han Dynasty official documents wooden slips words and private documents wooden slips words and miscellaneous documents wooden slips words unearthed in Changsha.Firstly,it describes the general meaning of simple words and statistics the distribution of parts of speech of simple words;secondly,it describes the general meaning of compound words,analyses the formation of compound words,and inspects the formation of parts of speech within the compound words;thirdly,it describes the meaning of idioms,the context of use,the location of occurrence and summarizes the text format of document wooden slips;finally,it summarizes the characteristics of this type of material words and phrases.The fifth chapter is based on the previous chapters.It studies the linguistic phenomena of the Eastern Han Dynasty wooden slips from a diachronic perspective.Firstly,four groups of synonyms are selected to describe the synchronic distribution and diachronic evolutio n of bamboo slips:prefecture chief in feudal China(?(?)?)/Ming(Ming)Fu(?(?)?)/magistrate of a prefecture(??),detention(??)/delay(??)/Stay in trouble(??),Cath up with arrest(??)/Pursuit of arrest(??)/Arrest secretly(??);Detain(??)/Collect and bind(??)/Imprisonment(??);secondly,to investigate the inheritance words and new words and new meanings seen in wooden slips and analyze their causes.The research shows that words and phrases in the three kinds of Eastern Han wooden slips unearthed in Changsha have the following characteristics:1.The number of compound words is considerable,accounting for more than half of the total vocabulary,far more than simple words,but the meaning of words is simpler than simple words,the vast majority is single meaning.2.The parts of speech are abundant but unevenly distributed.3.Compound words adopt the joint word-building,adverbial-head word modifying polysyllabic words type,governable type,supplemental type,subject-predicate type,serial-verb polysyllabic words type,adjuncts type,ricochet words type etc;the distribution is not balanced,and adverbial-head word modifying polysyllabic words type is dominant.4.Idioms have a strong stylistic color,fixed in position and changeable in combination.In addition,according to the types of documents,we can see that:1.Most of the official documents wooden slips and miscellaneous documents wooden slips use nouns,while most of the private documents wooden slips use verbs.2.The eclipsed form word-building only appears in the compound words of the private document wooden slips.3.The proper names in official documents wooden slips are mainly administrative domain names,official office names,official titles,place names,etc.The proper names in private documents wooden slips are mostly kinship names and social titles.The proper names in miscellaneous documents wooden slips are mostly utensils,food names and drug names.4.Idioms in official documents wooden slips are relatively fixed while those in private documents wooden slips are relatively flexible.The study also finds that the format of the document is characterized by the fpllowing features:1.The format of official documents is more stringent,the classification is meticulous and clear,each category has strict procedures and corresponding terms.2.The format of private documents is relatively flexible,which is conducive to people expressing different thoughts and feelings.3.The format of miscellaneous documents is short and most applicable.It only needs to fill in a small amount of vacancy information according to the format.From the perspective of the evolution of words and phrases,we can see that:1.One of the reasons for the coexistence of synonyms is linear accumulation.2.The main reasons for the inheritance of inheritance words are the strong vitality of basic words,the inheritance of political system and the stability of social life.3.The mian reasons for the emergence of new meanings of new words are the tendency of polysyllabic vocabulary itself in the Eastern Han Dynasty,the economic principle of vocabulary,the corresponding distribution principle of vocabulary system,the development and change of society,and new things or concepts in society.