Research On The Relief And Education Of Children In Need In Shaanxi During The Period Of The War Of Resistance Against Japan

During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,under the influence of wars and natural disasters,the most serious refugee children tide in modern China emerged.In the front battlefields and enemy-occupied areas,millions of refugee children were born,and the problem of children was extremely severe,which was valued by the Chinese.The government and people from all walks of life organized a large-scale relief and education activity for children,and a large number of children were moved to the northwest.The problem of relief and education for refugee children in Shaanxi,came into being.This paper takes the problem of relief and education of children in Shaanxi Province during the Anti-Japanese War as the research object,and uses the relevant newspapers and periodicals materials during the Anti-Japanese War,archives and documents in the Shaanxi Provincial Archives to combine the theory of child welfare and social relief theory.The national government and all walks of life have recognized the importance of the refugee children and taken measures.This paper comprehensively examined the specific content and effectiveness of the relief education for children in Shaanxi during the Anti-Japanese War,with a wish to enriching the war history and social history in Shaanxi,and increase people’s understanding of the problem of refugee children,and provide lessons for today’s child care issues,and promote the progress and improvement of child care.In the face of the urgent problem that is needed to be solved,the central government has taken countermeasures and issued a series of policies and regulations to provide institutional and legal guarantees for the relief of children.At the same time,the establishment of the relief committee is responsible for the relief of the country.The government and people from all walks of life established many refugee children institute that conducts specific children relief education.The Shaanxi Provincial Government has responded positively to the Central Committee,focused on the problem of refugee children in the province,adjusted the establishment of child-raising institution,provided policy and financial support,and launched a social effort to help refugee children.This paper mainly discusses the background of the relief and education of refugee children in Shaanxi during the Anti-Japanese War,the policies and institutions for the relief and education of refugee children,the main content of the relief work for children and the effectiveness and deficiency of the relief of refugee children.The children’s relief education has carried out a comprehensive and systematic investigation in this paper.During the Anti-Japanese War,the children in Shaanxi Province received a comprehensive education in the aspects ot knowledge culture,life skills,ideology and norality.After graduation,they may continue to study or study skills or military,having the right way out.In the period of anti-Japanese war,the problem of relief and remediation of children in Shaanxi Province was compared in the national background.There are similar relief modes and characteristics in the relief education work in Shaanxi Province and other provinces,all of which have formed a set of government-led and wide-ranging participation from all walks of life.The rescue system has changed the concept of re-cultivating light education before,and upholding the concept of"education and equal emphasis" to carry out all-round education for children.During the Anti-Japanese War,with the joint efforts of the government and the society,the issue of relief education for children in Shaanxi Province has been well resolved and it is worthy of recognition.On the one hand,it has saved the lives of refugee children,cultivated talents for the war of resistance,and accelerated the pace of victory in the war of resistance;on the other hand,it has aroused people’s attention and attention to the welfare of children and promoted the modern development of China’s child welfare.However,in the later period of the Anti-Japanese War,due to factors such as serious inflation,rising prices,and expanding children’s scale,many problems have arisen in the implementation of the refugee child education in Shaanxi Province,such as shortage of funds and corruption of educated personnel.It is hoped that through these lessons,it will provide a reference for the improvement of today’s child welfare system and provide a historical mirror for today’s child relief work.