Research On Esoteric Faith In Five Dynasties And Ten Kingdoms

The five dynasties and ten kingdoms period was another period of division in ancient China,with a short period and a large number of political powers.This paper is devoted to expound the development of one of the important sects of Buddhism,mysticism,during the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period.The rise and prosperity of tantric in the prosperous tang dynasty promoted the spread of tantric in the tang dynasty,and then had a profound impact on religion,literature,art and other aspects in the middle and late tang dynasty.After the death of the Buddha in huichang,tantrism declined,but it did not disappear completely.It is no accident that esoteric Buddhism emerged from the song dynasty.The development of esoteric Buddhism in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms obviously played an important role in the transitional period of the tang and song dynasties.Therefore,this paper focuses on the negotiation between the five dynasties and ten kingdoms' princes and common people and the esoteric religion(centered on the shengtoni belief of the Buddha's head),the belief in medicine guru Buddha,the thousand-hand guanyin belief,the belief in kizang bodhisattva and the belief in Vishramen to study the development of the esoteric religion in the five dynasties and ten states.This paper takes the tantric belief in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period as the research subject,and discusses the development and distribution of tantric belief in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period in four parts from the specific literature.The introduction explains the reason and significance of the topic of this paper,reviews the previous research achievements on esoteric religion and religion in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period,and explains the research ideas and methods of this paper.The first chapter discusses the negotiation between princes and common people in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period,and then studies the transition from the tang dynasty to the song dynasty.The first section gives a brief explanation of esoteric Buddhism,summarizes the prosperity and decline of esoteric Buddhism in the middle earth area five generations ago,and discusses the causes of the dharma crisis in huichang and its influence on Buddhism.First summarizes the five dynasties and ten states period in the second quarter in the north of the Buddha policy,then analyzes the represented by kingdom of southern Buddhism prosperous reason,on the basis of study the top five dynasties and ten states period-tuo Ronnie beliefs,due to the kingdom and the five dynasties each region's statue by building literature is relatively good,so choose the specific discussion,at the same time also for part of the north area is a typical five generations by building are discussed in this paper.The second chapter studies the development of esoteric Buddhism in this period from the perspective of the esoteric Buddhism which is centered on the belief of medicine guru Buddha.The first section mainly from the origin and main contents of medicine guru Buddha belief to the overall introduction to medicine guru Buddha belief,first in the second quarter is discussed for the center with pharmacist to curse five generations before the close relationship between teaching and the development of medicine guru Buddha,tantra,in turn,further research on the influence of medicine guru Buddha belief during the period of five dynasties and ten states,mainly around specific pharmacist belief activities,such as medicine guru Buddha statues activity.The third chapter studies the development and change of tantric belief in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period from the tantric bodhisattva belief centered on thousand-handed avalokitesvara bodhisattva and ti-zang bodhisattva.The first section first discusses the formation and spread of thousand-hand guanyin belief in five dynasties ago from the origin and flow of thousand-hand guanyin,the image of thousand-hand guanyin,the formation of thousand-hand guanyin belief and its specific belief activities in the northern and southern dynasties,sui and tang dynasties.On this basis,the development of thousand-hand guanyin belief in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period is studied,mainly from the specific belief activities such as chanting mantra,thousand-hand guanyin statue,especially the dunhuang grottoes,dazu grottoes in this period of thousand-hand guanyin statue content characteristics are analyzed.The second section mainly studies the influence of esoteric Buddhism on the belief of Tibet in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period.First introduced from hid in faith,early hid in the transmission and belief in classical statues activities centered hid in the flouring situation to belief activities in middle-earth like ksitigarbha bodhisattva and its origin,faith hid in the specific time limit for the statues sui and tang dynasties to the song before,but with five generations of teaching content and hid belief activities will be placed in the next part of the narrative.Then it summarizes the Tibetan belief in the esoteric classics,and studies the characteristics of the combination of Tibetan and esoteric iconography in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period on the basis of the geological iconography in the dunhuang grottoes in the south of the Yangtze river,the southwest of China and the northwest of China.The fourth chapter studies the tantra belief in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period from the tantra deity belief centered on the king of vishamon.The first section mainly discusses the formation of the king's belief and its spread in China from the origin of the king's belief and the evolution of its functions.The second section mainly analyzes the development and changes of the belief of the heavenly king in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms period from the specific religious practices such as the construction of the temple of the heavenly king and the painting and making of the statue of the heavenly king of the pishamen.