The Heterogeneity Of Migrant Children's Resilience And Its Influencing Factors

Purpose: the family is the most important interactive environment for the development of children,and the family resilience to deal with and respond to crisis greatly affects individual resilience,especially for migrant children who move with the family.At present,there are researches mainly focusing on individual resilience,ignoring the important roles of family resilience and the heterogeneity of resilience of migrant children.The purpose of this paper is to combine individual resilience with family resilience,to present a complete picture of resilience of migrant children,and to explore the sub-types,distribution,influencing factors and their different responses in academic performance and problem behaviors of migrant children.Methods: 488 migrant children were enrolled in grade 4,grade 5 and grade 6 of two primary schools in Nanjing city,Jiangsu province from May to June,2010.The questionnaires included: social demography,individual Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),Family Resilience Assessment Scale(FRAS),Perceived Discrimination Scale,Social Support Scale,Academic Achievement Scale and Problem Behaviors Scale.Latent profile analysis was used to explore the subtypes of resilience of migrant children.The research also explored the influencing factors and the differences in physical and mental development indicators of subtypes.Results:1.Combined the latent profile analysis of each fitting index,the model has the best fit when migrating children's resilience to three subtypes.(1)adaptive group: both family resilience and individual resilience are at a high level;(2)general resilience group: both family resilience and individual resilience are at a medium level;(3)difficult group: family resilience and individual resilience are both at low levels(family resilience is slightly lower than the medium level,individual resilience is much lower than the medium level).The three groups of subtypes accounted for 32.1%,49.0%,and 18.9% respectively.2.In the comparison between the difficult group and the adaptive group,the discrimination perception positively predicted the difficult group,and social support positively predicted the adaptive group.In the comparison of the general resilience group and the adaptive group,the discrimination perception positively predicted the general resilience group,the social support positively predicted adaptive group.In the comparison of the general resilience group and the difficult group,discrimination perception did not have a predictive effect,and the social support positively predicted the general resilience group.3.The three groups of subtypes showed significant differences in academic performance,from highest to lowest is adaptive group,general resilience group,and difficult group.There was no significant difference in problem behavior.Conclusions:1.The resilience of migrant children is heterogeneous and three subtypes are distinguished.It is worth noting that this study did not distinguish the types of low family and high individual resilience,high family and low individual resilience,indicating that for migrant children,family resilience and individual resilience levels tend to be consistent.2.Among migrant children with low family resilience,individual resilience is far lower than that of other migrant children.3.The more discrimination migrant children feel,the lower their resilience level will be,and the more social support they will feel,the higher their resilience level will be.4.The higher the level of resilience of migrant children,the better their academic performance,but there was no significant difference in the performance of problem behaviors.