A Survey Of Egypt's Political Transformation Since The "Arab Spring"

Egypt is an ancient civilization with a history of 7,000 years.It has great influence both in history and on the world stage.It is an important strategic position in the "two oceans,three continents and five seas",and it plays an important role in the Middle East.Since the Arab spring,the region in the Middle East has been in a state of instability and social unrest.The war continues,the insurrection is frequent,the economy lags behind,which not only affects the political and economic culture development of the Middle East peninsula,but also has a severe impact on the progress of the whole world civilization.However,the political transition and progress of Egypt as the "big brother" of the Middle East is exemplary for other Arab countries.Based on this,this paper starts from the "Arab spring" and analyzes the political transition road in Egypt.The first part analyzes the background of Egypt's political transition.Begin with the global context and Egypt's own development.Firstly,in the context of globalization,the long-term democratic transition paradigm in the west is not suitable for developing countries.Egypt is required to adapt to its own model.At the same time,the author analyzes the emergence of a new democratic paradigm,namely participatory democracy,which has certain influence on the political transition of Egypt.Secondly,from the point of Egyptian society development,authoritarian regime evolved,from one-party to limited multiplicity,authoritarian regime while expanding scope of democracy,participation in form,but the authoritarian system is not adapt to the development of the current Egypt,from the government from top to bottom to gradually expand to participate in the mass bottom-up demand democracy two hierarchical analysis.The second part analyzes the political transformation of Egypt.The collapse of authoritarian regimes is reflected in the conflict between political elites,cooperation and grassroots resistance.Democracy establishment and operation performance of amendments to the constitution in a referendum,and elected the new President two aspects,from two aspects of the constitution and elections,many changes to the constitution,as well as the first elected President mursi power;The failure of democracy is reflected in the collapse of the elected government and the strong return of the military regime.It is analyzed from the game of various forces and the participation of citizen politics.As the first democratically elected President mursi was giving the people ofEgypt,but after repeated protest demonstrations,public dissatisfaction in the policy,including a lot of reasons for this.The democratic system of Egypt is running at a stage of various classes,and there is a constant tension between the parties,which deserve careful analysis.The third part discusses the reasons for Egypt's political transition.The imbalance of economic interests is the root cause of the political transition in Egypt.The legitimacy of the political crisis is the important reason of Egyptian political transformation,this article from the citizen participation form and Egypt political structure is not reasonable,the leaders of the totalitarian corrupt serious three angles to analyze;Religious factors is the key factor of Egyptian political transformation,this article from Islam strong political thought and the Egyptian government intervention pro-western policy hurt islamic religious feelings two aspects to analysis;The influence of geopolitics is a factor that cannot be ignored in Egypt's political transition.This paper analyzes two aspects from the "demonstration effect" of neighboring Tunisia and the influence of the American "great Middle East strategy".The development of media and network is an important factor in Egypt's political transition.This article has been developing and expanding from the Egyptian media,and the virtual social network has promoted the analysis.The analysis of the omni-directional multi-angle has formed a clear framework for a better understanding of the reasons for the collapse of the Egyptian regime and the political transition.The fourth part is the sublimation part of the theory,from the perspective of the development of political science to examine the political transformation of Egypt.It mainly reflects from five aspects: first,the grafting democracy does not apply to the situation of Egypt.For Egypt and even more middle eastern countries,most of them are western democracies that do not take into account the local conditions,history and social status quo.The vigorous growth of any political system is a historical choice.It is the test of time and the perfect presentation after the reality check.As a political transition country,we should choose our own system based on local choice.Second,political participation is not the bigger the better.Egypt as a transition from authoritarianism to democracy in the country,will be going through the process of the old regime was overthrown,if the wanton expand citizens' participation,in a short period of time can form in disorder,like street politics and violence.For Egypt,the path to social development requires not only the votes of its citizens,but also a consistent,stable national environment and arising economy.Third,to establish a mature party politics.Egypt's political parties are diverse and complex,with no rules to be followed.The smooth transition of Egyptian leaders can't do too,no party is mature and stable,the military power,controls the development of the government,the Egyptian political parties need to establish a perfect maturity.Fourthly,to cultivate a political culture that belongs to them is to let the elites and people believe in the value of democratic government.In a fixed political and cultural atmosphere,the establishment of political identity,the reasonable and orderly participation of the public,the rational and orderly competition of political elites.Fifth,establish institutionalized democratic politics.Political institutionalization is the organizational principle of the political activities and political organization program for social acceptance,and get the most common abide by the process of social members,and form the institutionalization of democratic politics is the key to social stability,for the long-term development of the democracy,needs a stable political order,this will depend on the institutionalization of democratic politics development.