Analyze The "Inter-provincial Autonomy" Movement And Its Experience And Lessons In The Early Republic Of China

The united-provinces autonomy movement,as a huge constitutional movement,took place in the early 1920 s,during the Republic of China period.And the rise of regionalism is a major political foundation of this movement.Reasons of the movement can be explained by structuralfunctionalism.Economic gap between different regions,the rise of regionalism associated with the revival of the Han nationality,the new policies issued by Qing government,the introduction of federalism theory all make a contribution to regionalism which bring the local government to the process of Chinese political transformation.Three principle can be viewed as standards of this game model: national stability,development of both central and local government and the national independence.From the point of central government,it strengthened central power through establishing Republic of China at early stage;while later,Yuan Shi-kai,who centralized all power in his own hands,restored the monarchy.His action neglected the demands of another player of the game,local governments;besides,the essential problems related to central-local relations were not well solved.That's why all local governments revolted and the United-provinces autonomy movement broke out.Hunan province firstly achieved constitution,and then followed by other provinces.They wanted to build a federal state.However,since the united-provinces autonomy movement was unable to meet three ultra standards of the relationship between the central government and the local government.On the contrary,the division among the local area was aggravated due to the infiltration of the warlords.At the same time,the Chinese Nationalist Party and the Communist Party of China had found a Soviet way to rebuild nation by revolution and party mobilization.The consequence is that the central government find a new way to mobilize the nationalresources,and central government finally dominate the game,which also marked the total failure of "the united-provincial autonomy".Although "the united-provincial autonomy" movement failed,We can learn some lessons from the united-provinces autonomy movement.