From 1996 To 2019, Research On The Polarized Multi-party System In Israel

after the founding of Israel's,Its political party system has experienced the dominant party system,moderate multiparty,In these two periods,the political situation of Israel's political parties has changed a lot,especially the power of religious parties has been greatly improved,and with the influence of regional conflicts,ethnic conflicts and other factors,since 1996,Israel has entered the period of multi-party system.Starting from 1996,by calculating the number of effective political parties,analyzing the changes of political parties entering the parliament,the control of the first and second major parties over the seats,the distance of ideology and other standards,this paper concludes that Israel belongs to the period of multi-party polarization system from 1996 to 2019.Then,based on a brief introduction of the political situation of the parties in Israel in the early stage,this paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of the polarization multi-party system in Israel from the perspective of social cleavage.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part is the definition of the concept of political party,political party system and polarization multi-party system.It mainly explains the classification and classification standards of the political party system.On this basis,it focuses on the definition standards of polarization multi-party system.Finally,it is concluded that the main index,namely the number of effective political parties to appear in more than 5,partisan polarization combination and the frequency of the new political party as a whole is on the rise,governments change frequently,and gradually narrow the gap between the first and second major parties,the largest party and second party's strength weakened gradually,the ideological distance increases,neutral party strength enhancement.The second part of the paper analyzes the situation of Israel according to the indicators proposed in the first part.By exploring the data and materials,the author can judge that Israel belongs to the period of polarized multiparty system from 1996 to 2019.The third part of the paper is mainly to analyze the reasons for the polarizing multiparty system in Israel.Before analyzing the reasons for its formation,we must have a clear understanding of the general political situation in Israel.This part starts from the development process of Israel's political party system and takes the LikudParty,the labor party and the Shas Party in the religious party as the main line to briefly describe the current political situation in Israel,laying a foundation for the following analysis of the reasons for the formation of the polarized multiparty system in Israel.The fourth part of the paper discusses the reasons for the formation of the polarized multiparty system in Israel from the perspective of social division,which mainly includes ethnic division,regional conflict division,employer and worker division,state and religion division.Specifically,the pattern of ethnic division leads to changes in the strength and relations of political parties,including the inequality between eastern and western Jews,the aggravation of the fragmentation pattern of new immigrant groups,and the contradiction between Israeli Jews and Arabs.The pattern of regional conflict division intensifies the fragmentation of political parties,which is mainly reflected in the continuous intensification of the antagonism between political parties in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the gradual intensification of the polarization between political parties in Arab-Israeli relations.The division between employers and workers mode promotes the differentiation of political parties,which is manifested in the following aspects: promoting the privatization process to strengthen the power of the bourgeoisie,weakening the collective values and weakening the strength of the working class;The polarization of political parties is accelerated by the separation of state and religion,especially the contradiction between religious forces and secular forces in social life,the conflict between religious forces and secular forces in cultural values,and the confrontation between religious forces and secular forces in power struggle.